!
" #$ #%%&
!
"
#
! " " # $ "
% " & " " '" " " ( " ) ( " * * % + % # " "% , ! # $ " " &
" ! ( ! # - % .
" " # " & % " &
, # " " "& " " ( # $ " " " " , " " #
" ( # $ ! " " ( " ! /! , " & / , " & " # 0 " 1" & " " '" ! # " 2" 3 1" " ! # 4 " "
! " 5**6 ! % "
** 7# # .. .89:# 4" " ; < !
# '" **
" ! # - ! ! ! " "
" ! " " # 2 3 " "
, & " ! '" " # ( '" "
, #
, 2 (3 " !
( "
,
( !
, # " ( "
( '" # ** # $
"" ** # =! ** % !
" & 7>:# - !" % # $ " ! " ! "
" ( ! ( " 7? > .9 ?>:# $ ( & ( ( # * ( " '"
! " # " ! ! # @ A ! "& ! ! % ( # - ( ! 1 " &
" ( # - ? " ( " ( " " # $ "
1 " ( 1" " ! ( # " " 1" " ! &
" ( A
# " / > " / ( " ( ( ! " " "
( # * % ! " > " 9# - &(
, ! " " # B ( ( " "
" # 0 .8 ! "
" " ( (
# ! < " ! ! " 5" 6 ! " # @ " "
2 3 2 3 # - ! ** " "
# @ " !
!
" " ! '" !
" 1" " #
- " ,
" " " # - C 5 6 # - " # - ! ( " ! "" 5# # C 6 5# # C 8 . .6# 0 " ( ! % #A " & # 1" " (
( '" ! # " " ! ! (
#
" " " " ! %
" & #
! '" / " / # " "
( # " !
" '" " # - " " "
" # $ " % " 5## 2 36 % # " "
>
" % 1 ) , " '" 5.6# # 0 % " # & 5 A#.6 " # ", "" " & 5" 6 ! ( ( # 0 " " ** &
# !
" 7.89:#
* % " ! ( ! # $
! G ! "
# '" " " ! " '" / 5=**6 ! 0 " .56# =** % ( "
X1
X2
X3
q
Y1
XT q
Y2
Y3
YT
M
56
56
$% $ % $ & '% (
! " 5236 # ! "
! " # $ %
& & & '(&
&
* # -
1" =** " 5 6 5 6# $ =** ( 7BB:# " ( "Æ ( &(, 5F*6 =**# (" '" " 1" 5! " (, 6/ =** ( "
78:# &% (
=** 7??:# %
( '" 5 6 ! % '" " " " " " 5( 6# " ! Æ" % # =** "
! G ! " " 7.B:# =** " " " # 0 (
% " # " ! 5! 6 5! " 6# "
( =**
7A:# $ " =** " # - (
! ! 5" 1 6# = ( " F* 79?:# " " H ! , ! # * " " =** 7>>:# $ '" & & " " # D & " =** # & " " " # 0 ( # - ! 0 " .56
& " " ! " 5 6 " " # " " "
" " ! 2 " 3 7?B:# " 1" # 0 " A ( ( " ( " # 0 " A56 ! =** ! " 79 B :# "" &% " " 79:# ! 0 " A56 ! ! ! " ! )
" 9
" " & 7>:# 0 " A56 !
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
) * $% + * $ % ** $% * $% + *
! " " 79:#
" ! 5 6 7.8?:# 0 0 " A56 ! ! =** ! & " % ( " # ! " 7>>:# - ! " " & 2 &&! 3 ! " & ( " #
2 &&! 3 ! " /## "
( # " % 2 3 " " " " # - ( 2 & &! 3 " 7.A: ! % " ! " % " # $ " ! 0 " ? " " " !
! " ! # !
0 " 5 ! * %6 7# # .A8 >. A .8: !
) * + ,-
B
,
, & ' &'
78:# " * % ( !
( ! " # * " " " ! " " " % 5# # ! 6 # 0 " " " A
" & ! 0 " 56# " ! 1& ( 5 " 6 # H " " " & " '" " * %# =! ( &
56
56
$% - ., $ %
+ " ., / $ % $ %
! "
( # * * " 7: " ! "
# * "& " "
( " 7# # . A:# -
! /
( /# 0 " '" " " 0 " 56 "
(
7..:# " "
Æ ( #
&; " " #
- "
'" # F( " " ! " # $ "
"
# $ " "
% ! # $
! " # * " " " !& 7# # 9>: # 0 " > "
+ 0 1 2 $. 3%
# ( !
! 5## '" (6) " # ( " !
" 5 6#
) ! . ? . ? > A A > # %
8 !
" # ! ! !
# @ %
# "
" 5 C .6 " .
& /0,1 ( & (
.8
! 5## 6# 0 0 " >
1" # 4
! " ! " "# " ! ! 1" # * ** "" # 0 ""
"& " A## % "& " " " # E
( # "& " !&"
5 % 6 ! " " " 7B 9A:# 0 !&" #
$ ! "
( # $ " ! " " 1 " # @ " '" % 5
0"I 6# " 1 ( " # '" ! " " ! " " " # 2( 3 5 6 , '" " " # -" " " ( ( " " # 5 6 "Æ % 2 3 5" 6 # " !" " )
! ! " " " " # "& " 1" "" # 2 &
3 ! ( # ! '" # " , ( 1 & " " ( # $ "% & " ! (" ! " # @ 5.6 % '" ( # @ " " ! " # 4 5.6 % '" 5.6 " 5A6# " " ! " " # ..
! "
@ ! "
& ( # 4"
) " " " " 7. A ? >9 :# @ '" & " " C 5 5 66 " # - '" & " " ! , <
5 6 5?6 56 C . 5 6
= ! ! "& " " " 5 6 6
5 6
.A
@ ! " ! " " " 56 ! !<
5 6 C 5 6
5 6 6# (& !
" ( 56 " ) 7A ..8: " # * "
& " " 7.8 9 A .:# 2"& " 3 2(& " 3 ! " ( " " " # ¼
! $
¼
@ ( " & # ! " " .?
/ ! '" # =
# =! '" " " " # $ " (
" '" 5 6 ! '" ;
# $ " " ! "Æ " < % - '" ! '" "'" 1 # - '" ! ! # 0 ! " 1" K - " 1" # 5 D" , 7B: #6 " " 7: ( < .# ! " # A# 0 1" ! " # ?# " 1" # " 1" " ? ? ! 0 & " 956# % " ! 0 " 956# E
1 4
7
2 5
8
56
3 6
9
1 4
7
2
1 2 4
2 3 6
2 6
2 4
3
5
6
8
9
2 4 5 8
2 5 8
2 5 6 8
4 8
6 8
4 7 8
6 8 9
56
56 6 ! $% 2 3 3 $ % / - " $% # ! $ % "
!" " 1 A B ! # @ " & 5A B A6 !" # - " 1" ! &'" ! 0 " 956# '" ! , # $ 1" " 5 " " 6# @ ! 7A: ( " (& "
2 &
.
+ " 1" # 0 ! " " "& " 1" " # ! ( 1" " " '" 1" " 1" / '" 1 1" 5 0 " 96# D 5 6
'" 5 6 # @ , '"
" 5( 6 '"
" " # , " # &" & 1" !
! <
5 6 C
5 6
5B6
Ò
5 6 C 55 66 5 6
5B6
! "" " " # @ 2 '" '" 3 5 0 " B6# $ %
"'" " '"
! ) ! # - " 1" ! '" " " 1" # %
5 6 ! 5 6 5 6 '" # '" " , "& " & " 5 D" , 7B:6# E !
'" " '"
# * % " !
) " # - & " 1" " 56# D ( '" 5## 1" 6 5## ! '" 1 1" 6# 0 !5 6 " ( '"
! 1 # 1" ! " " 56 , 5 6 56 C 56 7 5 6: ! " '" # 4 " '" 5A6 '" 56 " '" , 5## C .6#
.>
&" '( ) * 5 6 C 5 6 5 6 5 6#
'" . A A ? ! A#
" !
" '"# $ ! !
! " < 5 6 C 5 5656 6 * % "
'"&
5B6 , 5 6 C 5 65 6 5 6 C 5 6# " '" " ! 2 3 1" # "
! "&
" 5 6 " 5 6 ! '" 1" # @ " " " K "
" " " ! <
" 5 6
¼
C .
" 5 6 C " 5 6
,
5.86
,
5.86
¼
1" " "Æ " " " # 0 " " ! " ! <
*
#
" "
5.86$
%
56$ " '" 1" ! " " '"# 0 " " " " ( 1" & # $ '" 5B6 " ! (
, ( '" 1" # , '"# , ( '" " & '" ! # " (
1" ( ! # 0 " ! 1"&
; " # " " !&! " 1" "" " " " " 7?B: ! &! * 7BB: + % & & 7>B:# 4 " ( A# ! ! # ! " '" 1" ! "
( #
3 4 / ",1
.
$ ! " & , '" ! # '" " ( ( ! ! ?# = ! " & " " " ( * # $
! &
! ! " " # % ! & 2 3 "& " 5 6# "& " ( # 0 ! !
" " ! # * %
" 596
! / # $ " " ( ! ! " ; "
" # - " A# "" " "
# - " (& " " "
( ! # - & # 0 !
$ # $ * % 8 . ! 1 " ! ! # ! # # 5 F( ? ?#A
#6 ! " #
" ! %(# * 56
"
! <
C
.
. L ( 75# L 8 !
# 6:
5..6
! " " 58 .6# $ " 56 !
! " " # # ( " " " ! ( #
5 C .6 ( ! ! '" 5..6<
. L ( 5# L # 6
5.A6
" G
! ! "
# F'" 5.A6 % % $ .9
# - ! "& " % ! &
! && 5.A6 2 3 ( # - % & " " '" # " %( K " K @ ! %( ( '" K " "# ! ! & " % " "& " (& " ! " ( " (
( # F( ( ! "1 !
! !
"% #
$ ! " ( " " ! ( % ! 1" " # 0" ( " " " 7 > .9 ?>:# 0 " " ( ! 7. >? A:#
!
0 ! " A#.# 0 C . " ! "" 5# # C 6 5# # C 8 . .6# C C . " " ! ! # "&
$ < ! ! ! " % ! C $56 ! ! ! " ! C ! "" 5 " 6 D " " ! "" " " ! # - ( " ! & " # D C " " < # " ! Æ # = ( ! ! C % ! &"
# - ! # C # # 0 %( ! " # 56 5F"6 " ! # 56# @ ! ! , " 5 ! ! 6< 5) #6 C ( # 56 5#6 5.?6 '" ! % <
5#6 C
( # 56 5!6
5.6
% % " 5) #6 , 5## J " 5 ) # 6 5!6 C .6#
Ê 5
Ê 6
.B
@ %( # ( " 5) #6 # ( # M 6 @ ! ( " # ! " M " ( # " # ! ! "'" <
+ - ( ! M '" 5.>6
! # - " ( ( ! M 7 # # .9: ! "
" ( #
" $ % ( ! " C ! & 56 C & 56 '" 5 # & ! "'" # ! " # ,( $ "
! & 5 '" &##6# $ ( Æ " # ! " # '" " # $ "
" % # # =! ! " "& " , 5 96# . ( !&! ( # 4
" 5 M 6 5 "Æ 6#
7
8
Ü
7
/" : 1
Ê
6 "
9
Ê
:
)
6 :
9
; 8
6 " -
6 "
5 " <
: "
/ : ¾ 1
Ê 6
6 :
= : " = : "
Ê
" :
5 6 8 +
.
( . " " ( ( ! " " # F ! " " '" 5.6 5A6# $ ( ( " ! ( # & ) @ ! & 7 A8 B?: ! " * %# C 5 6 "
! "# " ! 1 # &" ( 5) #6 C (
# L # 5#6 5.6
! " " 8 . # = # 5 6 # # 5 $ ! # #6 ( " ! C L # M " # =
" % " 5#6 % # " # *
'" &## $ , " ; !# - " '"&
5.6 " ! & "# 0 ( " " ! ?&'" ! ! ( # '" 5.6# * " '&'" ! " '# - "
( ' C " ! ! " 8 . # $ & ! ( " ! " C 8 . .# @ ! " < &- "+.) - " * % 7# # .88: " & " * C 5 6# $ ( " 5 6 ! # # 5 6 # E ! C A L
" # $ 5 L .6 5 L .6 < 8 # # # # # # # . 5.96 / 6 ( ( ! '" 5>6 '" 56 "# " 5?A6 ! & '" " #
4 7
@ ! " & " " " " " " #.#?# - '" 1" & ( " % 1" # & 4 >* 3 & 4 "?
??
C 5 5 66 "Æ " # $ '" 5?B6
C ! # $ " ! " " 5 6 5 6 % '" 586# 1" 56 & " " " &
, " !< 5 6 56 C 5 6 56 5 6 5 6
% ,& 5A6 A56 , ( " " *- 5 6< 56 C / 5 6 L 6 5 6 596
= / 6 " " < / 5 6
! . " ( #56 N 56#
" 5) #566 ! ! < 5#6 C 5) #566 ( 5#) #55666 5!6
#
5) #566 # 56 5) #566 5!6
C # 56 $ " 56 ! OI '" 7# # >?: ! 56 !
756: C 56 C / 55) #5666 A56# " " (
" ! " 5>A6# %
" Æ"
" !! 5 ) / 6 ! " " ( # # - !! 5 ) / 6 ! " 5>A6 ! " # 4 " & " " "# % " < %
( " "#
( % "
, "
# # 56 5>?6 "
#
" % ! " 5#6 5 % 6 " " # - % " 5>?6 , +"&D !
( 5 6 " " # $ " !! 5 ) / 6 ; !
" 5#6 '" # # 56 (, '" *5 #6 C 5#6 L # 56 # ( +"&D % '" 5?86# 4
5>?6 '" , +D *5 #6 "1 !! 5 ) / 6# E
, ! " +"&D # - '" % "
; " ! $& 1 ! +D 7? A:#
! < ( %
" , " "
( " # % " " " % "
, # = - " ! % " $ " F( ?# D
/ " 5## 6
!! 5 ) / 6 " " # F( ! !! 5 ) / 6 6
D 7 " ! " '" 5>6# $ ! %(# * ! ! (" ! C %(
58 .6 "
'" , # ! " <
#
8# L
5>>6
! 85 6 >6 " " %
5>6# " ! " '" '" 5.A6# !
%
( ! " " "#
&- % ) " "
C 7 : C 7 : C 7 : C # " " !! 5 ) / 6 C
C C 8
- ! % $ C C '" 8 # " " !
56 C 5 6 A 4# ! *0 " "<
"
( 5#6 2 56 L . 5
$
A
6 L A 4
A
= " " C 2 56 !
" # ! & # # # % 8 ! '" C # C # L " # L # # " '"
"&O '" ! " # " " ! 7?8: ! " 7 :#
?9
! # %
4 " " %
" , " # * ! " " " # ! % " O 7: " " 7# # ..9:# = ! " "
( " / # @ " )
" " " " " # " ( " 7..9 >: '" " % 5>?6# D 5/ 6 " "Æ ! / 5/ 6 6 '" '" 5>6# " 7 55/ 66 " = '" 5>6# ! ! 9 5/ 6 <
.7 55/ 66 C # L .
#
.: 55/ 66 . # 55/ 66 # . .
5>96
0 J B % % %
5##
( 6# '" '" ( & %& ! 5/ 6 ! ! 5/ 6# @ %
, £
?B
& , *0 " <
5/ 6 # L
#
.: 55/ 66 # .
5>B6
- " " 1" Æ 5/ 6 5/ 6 5# # 1" " 6 # D " '" 5>B6 "
% " 5>>6 ! / C / # $ " " " $ ! : 55/ 66 C 5 6
! C "8
C C ! " '" 5>B6 '" 5/ 6 # L # # $ " " % / 5/ 6 5 6) 5/ 6 # '" "
" 856 ! '" 5>>6# ". "") ( " 5>B6 * O 79:# 0 " .A56 ! ! * 5 C ? 6 ! 5 6# - "
" ; " ! # " '" ! 56 !
" " # - "
(
.: .
56
56
:
Æ
56
5 * $% 2
$ % $ % + "
$% +
* Æ
" " / " " 56# E! " '" : 55/ 66 ! " 5>6# $ " : ! % " " ?
5# # 566# E " !
( " # " : 55/ 66 ! "
" ; 5 5/ 66 ! ; " 5/ 6 ! + C . " # 0 =** C ? 9 C 56 : 56 C # " "
( " " # $ " '" " "
! &! 5## "& " " ( 6 # " '" " " % %( # $ " : 55/ 66 ! ! 5# # Æ 566# 4 ! %' '" 8 9 5 6$ 5/ 6# - '" % Æ % ( Æ 5/ 6 '" #Æ
" 5>B6# - 1" ! ; Æ 5/ 6 # @ "
#Æ
" " " %
( # $
" " " % !
# " " "
( 56 ,
( " " ! "
( # $ " " % " ( % ! ! # - '" "
-J 7# # B9 > B.: %
( " & # ! " " "" & # D +
798: ! ! " & ( # %
* + ,
- " %
5>?6 & ( % " " " # = ! ( " &( ! " ; !# % % = '" 5>6# " / !5/ 6/ (# " 56 # 56 # # # $ # # : 56 " : " &( # 0 ( % $ " # '" " '" 5>6 " '" ( # $ ( ! " : 56 & ( *0 # $ " &( " " % '" 5>?6# $ " " (,/ # # 56/ ! " # '" " &( 5 " 5>?66 " " !! 5 ) / 6# "
" " % $ #
8
&6 0 " .? ! " !& # D " ! 5. .6
C
C C A . 58 86
5 86
/ D " $FG% $% 0 $ % " 0
0 $( % D ! C , !! 5 ) / 6# $ '" C # '" " !
!& '" 5>6 " 0 " .?# '" ( !! ( # 5$ !! ! (
! !" (#6 F'"
! " ( ! " " , &( %
( < * = & 7A:6# !! 5 ) / 6 &
( "
( " " '" !5 6# !! 5 ) / 6 ( ! !5 6# 5$ ! ( !! 5 ) / 6 C !! 5 ) / 6 C !5 6 ! #6 "
" J .8
%#
" !5 6 ! &
( " # * !! 5 ) / 6
( !5 6# D " ( " < .
" $ J 9 " !5 6 C *- 5 6 "
" ( # $ ( " ! 0 " .# @ !5 ) / 6 , " " 5
!! 5 ) / 6
*- 5 6
$( %
$% 6 $% +H$%
$% $( % %6 " " " ! 5 " " " 6# !! 5 ) / 6 *- 5 6#
- $ ! " 5 # # C
7 : ! & 6# $ % " ! &
( # D ! ( ! " ( 2 5 6 # " & , " 5## "
, 6 ! , " #
$ " &( %
( & '"# 0 " "
% " # % ( 2 " 3 ! %
( " ) O 7>: & " # &( %
( ( " ! % 5## 2 & 3 6 7 .A.:# " ( " $ 5## # 8 5 6 6 % 1 % &
5## ! L6#
" *
$ ! " % ! " ! " 5## 2 3 236# $
! ( &(, 5F*6
A
(" 7?.:# - " F* ! ( 5F 6 (, 5* 6
F* ! (, 7A> 9B:# " " ! " ( F ! F* ! % ! %
"
# - " " !# $ (
F " " ( "Æ /## # - ! ! "
( # " 4
!
( " " F # $ '" " " " " ! F* # $ % % ! " < " ! ! " " # * "
1 ( " 5 6< 5 ) #6 C ( # 5 6 5#6 586 ! " ( # 5 6 5 ) #6 C 6 6 ?
! % % +5 #6# @ &" F* +< 5 6 C ( +5 # 6 56 5" 6 # C ( +5 #6 56 ! F* %
(, " F " ( # 6 ( 56 596
! 5A6 '" ( 5# 6 ! (, " '"
" " ! # # " " (, % " +5 #6 ( ( "Æ "
" # " F # * (, " * " ( # 5#6 5B6 ! (" ( "Æ /
* # * " F && 596 '"
( 5# 6 '" 5>6 '" 56# " F ! " +5 # 6 " '" 5) # 6 "'" (, + ! # * " !# @ " ( "Æ K 4
" ( F # $ " ! " 5> 6 C ( # +5 # 6 56 ! !! 5 ) / 6 " ! " # F " " (# # # 56 5986
! ( %
( # F " ( "Æ !
( ( "Æ % # " F* +# =! F ! + "
'" # $ ! ! " ( ! ( % # $
" "
( ( "Æ ( ( "Æ % 2 F* #3 " " "
"
(
%
# " ! ! ! " " ( ! " " # '" F* " %
" (, ! "#
!
"
$ ! " &
( ! # $ A#>#. !
" "& " ! ( "
( # @
! " " " ! " "
( # $ ! ! "& " " % " P 0 @ 7.AA:# @ % "& " & " ; # $ " ! %
, " ! , "& " " #
!
(
" ! "&
) ! " # $ " "( " '" ! !
(
) -
( " # $ "" ! "
( " 9# 0 " " " ! * % % C 5 6# - "
( ! " " " ! " C 8 . .# $ ! ! " ! " '" 5?B6 " 5 6 , 5 6 5, '6 5 6 # $ ! * % <
5) #6 (
# 5 6 L # 5 6
! ! "
# 5 6 >A: "&
" " " # 56 @ (
7BA 9: HJ "" &(
/ ) # - '" "
HJ " "& " 5 6 ! %
"#
3 < %
( , "& " %( 7..A: ! 1" ( A#>#A# 4 ! 1" !< " "
'" " " " ( " " '" 1" # $
, " '" 56# $ "& " " Æ " , # ! " 7..A: ! "& " !
! , <
* 5) #6
$
)
" C " "
%
(
5) " 6 5) #6
5) " 6 >A: HJ " Æ J .A ! " " # " ( " < ; ! ( 5) #6
( " " "& " # C 5 5 66 ! " 5 6 " ! # "
" % & " " " !< " 5 6 5) " 5 66 8
5) #6 ! " %( "& " # ! ( "
" #
&- 7 % ) @ " "
! "& " ( / !
# " " " " 0 & " .56 ! 9 78 8>: % 5 6# $
" 8>
9
" 9
8> 9
9
2
56
3
1
2
56
3
1
56
6 $% 7 ! ;? ?F> $ % 5 0 ?- $% ?:# 0
9 C 8 5 6 " 56# $ Æ" ! " " % ,) " 8?> % " 78 8 8: 7. . .: 88> ( % " # E! "
! " ! / " /
9 C 8.# " " 56# 4 ! 5 6 !
5 6 5 6< '" 5! 8#B6# $ 5 6 " '" 5! 8#A6# " " # $ ! " ) *- 5 6
" " " , " # 5 F( A '" " % #6 @ ! ! " 5) #6 ! " " %( "& " # J .A " # $ " "
! % # 5 6 C " 5 6 # 5 6 C " 5 6)7" 5 6" 5 6:# E! "& " " '" 5B86 ! , # @
" # C # # % ! < ( # 5 6 L # 5 6 5 6 C " "55 6 6 C .
" " D4-D5 6$ *- 5 6 %( "& "
" 5) #6# * "
D4-D5 6# - ! " "& " "
( >.
M C D4-D5 6# $
.
" &" "& " " %( #
#
$"% & "
0 " " !
< 56
( / ) 56
(& D4-D5 6 , # $ HJ " # $ ! " " , HJ % P # 7.A?: " ( " 7# # BA 9 >A .8B .A: " "#
(
! 1" # - "
( ( ( 1" #
( " ! ! ! 1"
# - ! ! " # -
.+
- C 5 6 " , ) " ( C . ! $ " " 5## ! 6# ! " & 7.8.: ! % "# ! : $ < 56 : ! $ ! ! ! : % $) 56 $ ! : ! ! $ % :) 56 % : $ # @ % ! ! (
5## 6# E " % ) 5" 6 " 5 " 6 " #
8 *
- ! 5 6 " ) " ! 7.8.:# " " " ! , "&
" 7BA 9: ! P # 7.AA: " " " ! # 0 " .9 " # - ! ) " 56 !
" # J 56 ! '" ! , 1 , !# ! 56 ( ! ! ! " '"# $ ! % ! !< ,5$6 6 0 " .956 ! -5$6 C * ,5$6 C 5A>6 5>6 5>6# @ " ,5$6 - 5$6 ,5$6 $ -5$6 $ #
8
= !
1"
A#>#A# $ "
1" " ( # , " ) ! " ' & ! '# " ( .& " ( 5## 6 , !# - ( ! 0 " .B56# $
'" 1" ! ( '" 5.A>6 5>9B6 5A?>6 5A>6 5>6# ! ! ( , " # $ " & & ! ! " # $ " " # ( % 0 " .B56 ! ! ! # E 1245
2356
1245
25 45
2356
1245
25 45
5
2356 25
45
5
56
58 4578
4578
56
4578
56
56
B $%
$ % B
$% + * $ %
>?
# - 56 ! # $ 1" 0 " .B56 " 1" 0 " .B56 56# -
.+ $ +
$ ! 1" , 56 ! ! # - ! *Q" " = < ) 7.8.: -
( # @ " *Q" "
% 1 ! )5)6
5B>6
F'" 5B>6 " !&! 1" 56 ! ( " # ! 56 0 "
! " ( ! 5 6 # 0 ( ! > 5 6 C 5 6 ! 5 6 ! > 5 6 C 5 6)7 5 6 5 6:# $
'" 5B>6 " , '" 56# 56 E! % 5.A>6 5A?>6 5>9B6 5A>6 5>6 5>6 5>B6 5>6 " 0 " .B56# 4
( ! % C ! " ( > > # @ " > C ,, , > C ) ! " ( ! # J"
C
C
! ! ( 1" " 56#
- " '" , 5B>6 #
* & )
/)( 56 C
6)5)6 5 6 )
)
)
)
6 5 6 )
)
"
C
)
< 3 56 0 ! " & < 5 6 6 '" " " ! ( 6 '" / # '" '" 5B6 '"
'" 596# " " 6 5>9B6 5>B6# ( G
# 5 6 " ? ? # - , P # 7.A?: " " " & 5" 6 " ( " # * % $ 5$ 6 6
! 5$6 6 C 5.6 5.A6 5.6# - '" 5>6
C # * " % 5>6 !
'" ) ) 5) 6 C ' ' 5' 6 ! " " * 0# $ & 5?6 " ") # - ! "& " D "
, %
,
" ! D " ! # " D & " 7# # .AA 9: ! ; & # $ & & &
P # 7.A?: " ") ! <
")5)6 C
¼
'
)
' 5' 6
'
)
- ' )
- ' 5' 6
56
$ '" " ") " " ' : , 5$6 6 (" , 5.A>6 # 0 " A856 " )
, 5.A>6 !
# $ >
1245
1245
2356
45
5
45
56
5
56
58
58
4578
5689
4578
2356 25
25
56
5689
56
6
A $% $ 5 ) #6
5 6 5 6
" 5 6 C ( # 5 6
" 5
6 C
.
.
> 5 ) #6
5.86
.
.
.
5.86
- J .. ! & 5## " 5 6 # 8 " 5 6 # 86 ! , 5## " 5 6 C .6 ( ! " D " # - D " 5 5 6 , 5 6 6 5 ? 8 D " #6 J . ( D4-D5 6 # " 7B: 5 6 D " '" # " " J .. ! 5" 56 D % '" 5.86 5.86 ! % D " ( !# $ ! " ( ( " # 0 ! ! '" # "
"Æ ( " ! # $ D A , " <
( 56 "
" 55 66 & " " " ! # - ! ( " "
" ! " C ?5 6 ! # 4 ! "
" 56 7 55 66: C ?5 6 55 66 5.86
0 %( "
, = "
" " # " D4-D 5 6 % '" 5.6# @ &" J . " "
" !< 5#6 * ( " # 7 55 66: 5.896
* " " # F'" 5.896 '" 5.886) "
'" C .#
1
3 1245
1
2356
3 1245
25 45
5
56
45
2356
2356
5
25 56
45
58 5689
7
3
25
58 4578
1
4578
7
56
9
56
56
58
4578 9
5
5689
7
9
56
* $% + 3 3 D - $ % 2 $% $% +
&2( 7 ) D " ( '"&
5.896 " # ? ? " 0 " .56# ! " " ! 0 " AA56 !
6 5A?>6 5>9B6 5>B6 5A>6 5>6 5>6 5>B6 5>6 5.6 5?6 596 56
5.8B6
$ ! % " # E! ( " & # 0 ! 0 " AA56 " " " " !
5 6 C 5.A>6 5A?>6 5>9B6 5A>6 5>6 5>6 5>B6 5>6 5.6 5?6 596 56 5>B6 " # " "
% ! 5 56 ! 6#
" " !# 0 " AA56 ! " 5.A>6) % ! % "# , ! % " >) (& 5## , " 6# 0 $ C 5.A>6 ! 5A>6 5>6 5>6 5.6 ! # " " % '" 5B6 ! ! 5"
" 6<
" > C > >" > > C *"*" " C "" " " * * = " " >) ! " '" 5B>6 ! , " < " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 5) " 5 66 C "" " " " "" " " " " " " " 5.86 = ! '" >) $ 5 6) % ( & # - "
, " % " +" 9
( ( # - J .? , 5.86 # $ " ! , + C A ? # E! C 5.A>6 5A?>6 5>B6 5>9B6 & # @
( " 5 6 ! " ! .) <
. 5" 5 66 C ? " 5 6 > 5 6 L " 5 6 " 5 6 " 5 6 " 5 6 " 5 6 L
)
)
)
)
)
5..86
! ?) " ( $
" # - 5&(6 ! "
" # 4 !
" (
# @ ! ( '" 5..86 ( )
" 5" 5 66 '" ! ! <
? / L/ L/ L/ . / L/ L/ L/ A L . / L / L / L / 5...6
$ '" 5..86 "
! " ( ! ! . ?)# % ! !" %
5 6 '" 5..86 '" !
/
L / L / L / / L / L / L / L /
! '" +"
( F( .# =!
/ "
( # *
( " ( &
! (# $ ! (
7BA 9: +" &
( & (# $ & ! "& " & ! , "& " " # @ " ( &
" ! ( " & ! "& " ! "'" %( #
)
*
% " ( " # &
& , # " %
" 7A .: " ( # B
" ! 7# # > B:
" # *" !
" ! ! " # = ! "
!
% # $ " " ! " " % " " " # @ ! " ( '" ! " &
# - " %
" " " " # * % ! '" % " " ! ( , # @ " " & " ! ! % " "# @ '" % " " & " " " 9# 0 " " % ! % " " ! "&
( & (
( 7..:# 0
,
D % # 0 ! ! % " % " " < 0
3 . C . % F0 *- 51 6$ % 1 % S 5F0 6 *- 5 6$ - '" " " #
" *- 51 6 *- 51 6 ! " 5.A>6 F0 C S0 5F0 6 0 S0 5F0 6 0 0 S0 5F0 6
+ ( % '2@ A5 -
9
" % ( 7: ( 7:# 0 ( 7: '" 5.A86 '" ? ? 7: % '" 5.A?6# @ '" '" 5.A>6 F0 # %
! D 7: D" 7 9: " ; # = ! % , " < ¼
* 3 &4 % ) 8 . . F0 %
.
*- 5 6 $ 2$ 0 C C 5, , 6 % " 1 56 6 A .A A
78 6 : 5 L .6 5 L .6 $ 9
+ ' " 4 516 % F0 51 6 " ( 56 5
56 L 78 6 :6 ! ! % # $
, &
'" 5.?>6 (, ! Æ 7# # .8>:# 2 ) 5+
'" 5A6 A56# . *- 51 6 , " 5) #5666# D 8 . " 5) #566# ""&" C L # 0 D 9 ! / 56 C $56) '" ! '" 5.?6 "
" . 56 C / 56 56 L 5A 46 5.?6 A A ! ! 56 C 56 L 56 C 56 L 6 ! ! " 56 C 6 $$ " 7.)A .)A: # ! '" 5.?6 "
" 56 . 56 L . 6 L 5A 46 A .A A . . C A 7: L .A 58 6 6 L A 5A 46 5.?96
! % '" ! " " 7>:# 0 " " "
" 5.?96 '" 5A6 . 78 6 : L 5A 46 5#6 ( 0 # L .A 56 L .A A ( # L . 56 L . 78 6 : L 5A 46 A .A A 0
! % '" ! " 4 51 6 " " "
#
+ ' O" 59>6 &
( &
( 5.?>6 "&
( # $ " ! ! " " & ( 5.?>6 ? ( & " " #A#A# * & (
( "
7..:#
+
,
" ("
( "&
" 5#6 C 756: ! 5) #6# $ ! " "
" / " 5) #6# $ " " " ! ! # B8
3
4 &
&
" % % " (, 5) #6# E ! " ( ("
# ( 5) #6 " 5#6 '" % % " ( # 56# @ " " !# " %
5#6 #A 7A:6# = "Æ 5#6 '" " # # ! & " .?#? 7A: " "
" ; "# A ! C ! ! 5#6 C " ! # # 0 " " ;
" # B.
%( # C 8 " # & 56 ( # $ ( ! " " "
( 5 # ?A#?#A 7A:6#
+ ' 56 ! " '" (&
, " ( !# $ " 5#6
2 3 5 6 ! # " ! " <
( ( # 5 6 L # 5 6
5 6 C
5 6
5.96
E '" 5.96 "& " " 5B86 J .. ! " (, # " ! " " ( & " "
( A " 56 ! D4-D5 6 5 #A#?6# - # A
9 L
( # 56
5F6
D J # ..
# ( # D J # .
556
9 L
"& "
(& "
: 6 7 $%
J .. "& " D " # " !
! & ( 0 " A9# E(
& " " 5.6 2, & " 3
& " " 56# $ " 56 ! # 5F6 0 " A9# 4 " " (& " "
& " " DJ 5.6 ! ! " 7...: <
* :
.
5 6 C 8
%
5 5 6 5 6 .6
5.>86 ( " " (G '" 7 5 6 5 6:#
(" "
6556 C ( 5 6 L
- (& " % D " 5 C ! !# @
%( (& " " 5.96 % 5 A6
! '" 56 !
% '" 5.>.6 # 5 D " 5 " % #6 E! " % " 5 6 >6 # '"
7: (
" "
( 5 6
D4-D5 6# @ ( D4-D5 6 , !# ! " , D4-D5 6< * # *- 5 6 D4-D5 6$ & % % D4-D5 6 *- 5 6$ 2$ $ " 5 C 8 . .6 ! * 0 D4-D5 6 ! ! ! C L # D4-D5 6 % ! '" # 8 , , '" 5 '" 5.66# J 9 ( B
# # *- 5 6
*- 5 6
82#+8$% 6 +H$% 6 +H$% *- 5 6 1 % " C # 71 : 5 6 C 5 6 71 : 5 6 C 5 6 5 6# ! 1 ( D4-D5 6 "Æ 7: ! ! D4-D5 6 1 # 0 C ! 5 6 C 8 ' $, 5 6 5 6 C 8 5' -6 5 6$, , # - '"
! C 5 .6 L 5 .6 # - , , % 1 " 5!
'" 6# =! ! , C . 5 6 ! # - L '" ! '" ! D4-D5 6 % 1 (# E 8 . # D4-D5 6 '" ( " 7A:# * " " *- 5 6 " *- 5 6# - " ( " ) ! " % ! "'" % " C !" *- 5 6 J 9# ! " " ! DJ ( 5.>>6 % D4-D5 6 # $ " !
" ( < 56
"
( *- 5 6 ! "
" '"&
5.>>6 # 56
"
D4-D5 6 ! " *- 5 6# $ "
" '" 5.>>6 ( " "
% " # 0 " AB " # # 56 !
"
( *- 5 6# # "
!
"
( D4-D5 6# $ ( ( D4-D5 6# 8
: = ! ( " ( 8 .
1 # ( # ! ( 0 " A56#
9
#
8
# C # # # C
2
8 9
#
#
1
3
#
#
56
#
56
0 $' % $>6 # # $ ! 9 % 8 # ! ( !# ! ( ! ( 5.>>6 ( (# 0 # C 8 8 C . A ?
9 C 9 % 8 5 6 % # " 0 " A56# 4
% " 8 . ! " C 5 6 # *- 5 6 " &, # 9 ! 5# 6 C ( # % 8# $
" 5# 6 ( '" 9 % 8# 4 " " D4-D5 6 % !<
"
8>
"
8
88>
5 6
4 # " C 8# # 8 "
" # " D4-D5 6# * ( 5.>>6 " ( # % 8# 0 " ( D4-D5 6 ! ! ! # " % 8 " C " # $ # " C 8 5 6 ! " "
8
" >6# 56 & ( 5.>>6 ( ! " & D4-D 5 6 9# ( " '" DJ ( # $ 8 . '" " " 7>8 B: " ! " " " " # 56 0 # 7? ?9:
& ( 5.>>6 " !& 5DJ6 " , # 0 & '"
! 5## ( " ! 6# * ( % 7# # ? .. ?: " #
= # %
$ ( " % "
(& *- 5 6 # "
, 7.8:
, " "1 ( '" # " % ( !&"
, 7# # B 9.: ! 7# # B:# 0 ! " !&! % (
$ F( ?# $ " " $ '" ! '" < ( # L # 5.>6
$ " 2 3 . L. " & " 1 #
! " '" 5.>6 '" *- 51 6 # Æ" , " ! % & % " " F0 % '" 5..B6# ! % (
< (
0
#
( #
"#$
5.>96
! = % 5J6# " " ( " " .8#A#. (
% 5 6
A
( 5#6 2 56# $ " &! % 5J6
'" !<
. ( ( 5#6 2 56 ( # C "#$ A
5.>B6
E C . 2 56 " C . . L.# 0 ( 5.>B6 ( "&# $ "
" ! ( " " ! " 5## C .6# " J ( 5.>96
*-U& @ 7B: " " ( # - " " J ( " %
, & "# ! , & " & 5## . L. 6# @ ! < ( " , " ! 8B9B "
" # $ "'" !
( % 7# # B8 8:#
- "
" ( &
# - " 1 "
, , ! ( ) " " ! ( Æ& # * !&! (
( /" % "& " (& " ! , / " " 5&
(
( 6 # " ( ( ( ! " !
( # * "
5# # "& " & 6# @ " "& "
'"
# 4 " " " "& " " # 0
! '" " " ( &
,
, 5# # "
( " 6# - 1 ! " "
# - " % ! " '" " '2B#9C 4 "*0 5 6 6
?
! ( ! " ! ! " # H "
" "" " "" "
# 0 " ,
'"
* # 4
, ! 5 * 6 " , &; ( " " # $ ! ! " " ! " " '" * # 2 )
- " " " !& # " " "
- @ O " % ! ! ( " " # $ ! ! " !< D" F " O 0 # 0 O # + - D! * &V D! " E "( P @ D H P @ O P#
,
.
"
"
" ! ) ( ! 7.9: # D! & " ! 0 "I 7?:# $ ; 1" % " " 7?: ! " "#
#" " # M # ( M # ?:6# $
& 3 " & 56 C 3 & & ! # # 7& 56: C & 5#6& 8 & M)
% = M ( 7>?:#
"
"
$ ( # C # ! 5) # 6 C 5) #6# 0 ! N5# 6 C N5#6 N & &# " ( .# 0 ( " '" 5# 6 5# 6 # # 8 # C # ! '"
N & &# "
'
@ " % " ( & # % ( " Æ " '" # - ! J > ! "& ( ! # '" ! ! 5
6# 4" " ! "& ( 7 >? A:< 56 ! &
75!6: C 5!6) 56 8 5!6 78 &,
( ! ! 8# N5M6 % !< "Æ
8 N5M6# D # M ( N5# 6 C 8# @
&, ! " 8 ! 8 5!6 56# 0 M " ( Æ 8 " 5# L Æ 6 M# ( ; M N5# 6 C 8 "
5# L Æ 6 5# 6 L N5# 6 Æ C 5# 6# % Æ ?:6#
/ "
"
" " 7>: 5 L .6 5 L .6 ( 2 56 % ( 56 56 56 % # "
( # - " % # ( 2 56 % ! " " ! 56 56 56 56# 0 "
" -
% 5??6 ! ! ( " 56 # % % " 56 ( "# *!&@ 7A >?: " ! '" 5?6# % ! C 5656# $ C 56 56 8 ! # = ( #
3
"
" /
( ! & " 5###6 ! " " " " # 56/56 '" ( # ### ( 5 # A#?) 7A:6# 0 ( . J A " !#
,Æ
( % ? ! ( E 8 " E& 25?6