Tom Roper

Climate Change : Can our buildings cope? The Hon. Tom Roper President, Australian Sustainable Built Environment Council ...

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Climate Change : Can our buildings cope? The Hon. Tom Roper President, Australian Sustainable Built Environment Council Board Member, Climate Institute Retrofitting for Energy Efficiency Brisbane Convention Centre, Qld, February 2012

Discussion points 

What are the impacts?



Mitigation and / or adaptation?



New build



Changes for existing buildings



Best practice



Design for the future



Sustainable cities



Our challenge

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Buildings and greenhouse gases 

The Buildings Sector accounts for 3040% of global energy use – 10 Gt CO2 equivalent – and with unchanged policy and practices would grow to 14.3 Gt CO2 by 2030.

Source: IPCC Working Group III – Buildings, page 11

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ASBEC’s Second Plank Report found that 23% of Australia’s emissions are attributable to the built environment, growing 38% by 2030



Energy consumption in buildings is a fundamental source of emissions particularly because of our coal fired generation



A price for carbon will reduce buildings emissions but is not sufficient – complementary measures are essential

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In 2100….

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New York NPCC climate protection levels

Source: Annals of the New York Academy of Science www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123443047/issue

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Queensland – some projections (2070) 

Brisbane temperatures above 35ºC increasing from 1 to 21



140% increase in severe storm intensity



Tropical cyclones moving southwards



Up to 67,700 residential and 1440 commercial buildings at risk from sea level rise



Threats to The Great Barrier Reef

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Cities as heat islands

Source: Rebekkah Brown

Source: Katzscher Sasbe 2009

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Heatwave impacts on residential building performance

Source: Nguyen, Wang & Chen

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Major risks to the built environment and infrastructure 

Overheating – uncomfortable temperatures and increased cooling load



Flooding – intense rainfall



Subsidience and landslip



Drought and water scarcity



Coastal change

Thredbo landslide 10

Designing for the future 

Buildings designed today will need to operate through a

period of significant climate change 

CIBSE’s “future weather years” enable designers to assess the impact of climate change using building energy and thermal simulation models



Takes into account future climate scenarios for the UK over the 21st century



The tool applies a morphing technique to the data based

on anticipated climate changes Source: The Chartered Institute of Buildings Services Engineers – TM48:2009

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Source: Professor Martin Parry, Oxford, April 2011

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PIXEL Building - Carlton, Victoria



Carbon neutral



Water self-sufficient



Building information systems

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Dandiiri Contact Centre

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“Reliable and consistent whole-building energy analysis is key to achieving increasingly agressive performance targets in the building sector, and to motivating building owners to invest in energy efficiency.”

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500 Collins Street, Melbourne 

5 Star Green Star



Energy savings 52%



Chilled beams



Efficient lighting



Solar hot water



Water savings



Recycled construction waste



Waste wise certification



Productivity improvements

Source: Google Images

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Empire State Building 

A deep retrofit



3 year payback



38% cut in utility bills



Savings $4.4m annually



105,000 tonnes CO2 over 15 years



Retrofit chiller plant



Refurbish windows



Purchase green power

Source: Google Images

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A 1960’s office 

Improve building envelope by upgrading windows



Increase fabric insulation and air tightness



Solar shading



Improve thermal mass



Automatically controlled mechanical ventilation



Water chilled beans



Night cooling

Source: UKCIP

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Transforming the planning & building process 

Redesign planning and building tools to account for the impacts of climate change



Use and improve adaptive management process and contingency planning



Take predicted climates into account at the design stage of any new development, refurbishment or regeneration programme



Incorporate climate change effects and impacts into new infrastructure initiatives



Create resilient outdoor spaces and buildings



Promote zero carbon

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Cool roofs “Changing surface colors in 100 of the world’s largest cities could save as much as 44 billion tons of carbon dioxide. This is the equivalent to the rise in global carbon emissions anticipated by 2020.” Stephen Chu – Secretary, US Department of Energy

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Carrots and sticks Mayor declares London “retrofit ready” 

Re-fit



London Green Fund



Re New



Re Connect



London Carbon Prize Source: Google Images

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Turning old buildings green 

President Obama’s $4b public/private energy upgrades – paid for by the savings achieved



State legislation financing energy retrofits financed by property tax surcharges (PACE)



Ygrene Energy Fund 5 year contract for Miami and Sacramento



Short term loans from Barclays Capital backed by insurance warranties and bundled into long term bonds 24

Australian initiatives 

$1b Tax Breaks for Green Buildings



White certificate schemes



Green Building Fund



Low Carbon Australia



Compulsory Mandatory Disclosure



Government lease requirements

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Melbourne’s first environment upgrade agreement “We know that access to affordable capital is a major barrier in retrofitting commercial buildings. This signing marks an important milestone, removing this barrier and equipping building owners with the financial tools they need to reduce their energy use, save water and lower their carbon emissions.” Cr Cathy Oke, City of Melbourne

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“Innovative cities in both the developed and the developing world have demonstrated that with the appropriate strategic approach they can economically enhance their resource efficiency – realizing the same value from a much smaller and renewable resource base – while simultaneously reducing harmful pollution and unnecessary waste.”

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Chicago Climate Action Plan 

“Adding green to urban design 2008” : 21 key actions including roofs, facades, landscaping around buildings



Thermal radar mapping the city’s hottest spots to prioritise pavement removal, green roofing and tree planting



4 million sq. ft of green roofs, planned or completed since 2008



9,000 acres of tree canopy added since 1993



Managing stormwater, including 150 green alleys



Green permit acceleration

Source: Progress Report First Two Years

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Our challenge 

We can no longer afford business as usual



No reason for panic nor for complacency



Buildings offer the largest and fastest cut in CO2



Design and build for future climates and retrofit what we have



Develop strategies to build resilience to current variability and future uncertainties 29

[email protected]

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