Skeletal
Muscle
Anatomy
and
Physiology
Bryan
Sackey
Pharmacy
Biomedical
Preview
Program
Summer
2012
[email protected]
At
the
end
of
this
presentation,
participants
should
be
able
to
discuss
the:
• Skeletal
Muscle
anatomy:
• Structural
classifica@on
• Tissue
iden@fica@on
and
loca@on
• Skeletal
Muscle
Physiology
• Muscle
contrac@on
• Brain
signal
nerve
impulse
contrac@on
of
muscle
• Components
involved
• Clinical
Manifesta@ons
• Types
of
contrac@on
Muscle
• A
contrac@le
@ssue
made
of
specialized
subunits
capable
of
contrac@on
• Makes
up
nearly
half
the
body’s
mass
• Three
types
in
the
human
body:
• Skeletal
muscle
• AIached
to
skeleton
and
is
involved
voluntary
movement
• striated
• Cardiac
muscle
• Found
in
heart
• Under
involuntary
control,
it
contracts
to
distribute
blood
throughout
body
• striated
• Smooth
muscle
• Under
involuntary
control
• Found
in
various
parts
of
the
body
including
blood
vessels
• Non‐striated
(hence
smooth)
Skeletal
Muscle
• Func@onal
features
• Contrac@lity
• Long
cells
shorten
and
generate
pulling
force
• Excitability
• Electrical
nerve
impulses
s@mulates
muscle
cell
to
contract
• Extensibility
• Can
be
stretched
back
to
its
original
length
by
contrac@on
of
an
opposing
muscle
• Elas@city
• Can
recoil
aTer
being
stretched
Skeletal
Muscle
Anatomy
• Skeletal
muscles
are
composed
of
individual
muscle
cells
called
muscle
fibers
• Each
individual
fiber
is
surrounded
by
a
layer
of
connec@ve
@ssue
called
the
endomysium
• Groups
of
neighboring
fibers
are
bundled
into
fascicles
by
a
connec@ve
@ssue
called
perimysium
• The
fascicles
come
together
to
make
up
the
whole
muscle
itself
which
is
surrounded
by
a
connec@ve
@ssue
called
epimysium
Muscle
