A project of Volunteers
vertical
Axis
Sail
in Asia
'-11
'lm
Published by: Low Energy Systems 3 Larkfield Gardens Dublin 6 Ireland Paper copies
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,’ i
3 Larkfield Dublin Ireland
PLANS. VERTICAL AXIS SAIL WINDMILL
6
Gardens
A remark
of
He suggested
Buckminister
windpower
would
.oncs
came
that
but
it
in
the
I
was
the
to
out
a rigid
to
going
was
the
to
vanes.
The
clumsy
in
t?lc
result opcratio'n,
solution.
the
study
was
that
using a rotor
Further
cf
ships. sailing
The clippsrs,
offered
most
help
,
rotor
clear
Another of
the
me.
development
sailing
are
yacht
to
for
design,
a very
it.
returning
of
a Savonius
without
possibility
avenue
sailing
construct
build
likely
immediately
modern
frame,
was
from
mind of
kept
most
oome
evol.ution
set
elegant
the
that
FuJ.ler
from
idea
of
cIoth
how
exactly attractrve
thought
that
was
wind
itself
to
the that
worked,
experiments
but lead
using
shape was
to
I the
a little
a more
.
The
rotor
tally about
at
which
is
spar
';wo
The
trailing
the
ends
consists equal
this
of Ii:ach
positioned rigid
edge of
the
rncrc
is
of
the
leading
ribs
are
the
spars.
from a cl.oth envelope. ._._ ____.-__-....- -.-.-..--- -K --,-.
. axis.
formed ecise is
sL!rface
Other
flexible
It
from of
attached
sailwing The
mounted
Liailwillgs
a vertical
sailwirlg
at
more
or
fIToni
distRIlce
axis. or
two
rotates
a rigid
the
at
lie12
vcrti-
sail.
right
in
spar, To
this
angles.
tension
between
of materia.1
could
be
used.
_ -..
;
. ;
bag.2
.’ c
Diag.1 When the foil
shape
ring
rotation
stantly
wind with
of
from
one
rotor
to
the
B-.-L...o_ther
sailwing angle
rotor
side
to
the
resnects.
of
like
attack,
other
positions rotor',
it into an
During
of to
the
rotor.
which
with
complete
it
at J-t is
Lo\: is
surface
enables
ths
r.p.m.
for
self
si.:nilar
conrevo-
concave
This even
up an airwind. DU-
airfoil
the
automatfcally. torque
takes the
one
sailwing'switchcs
a positive
Darrieus
sailwing fi*cCng
behaves
the the
developc all
on the stirface
a concave the
practically unlike
impinges
changing
lution
a* ..’ ______.-_ ----.--------.-- ...- ___---C_..-
_
starting in
some 2
. .
A feature of
the
during
which
sail
is
shii‘ts
its
from
This
has
ihe the
relative
_..__.
is
t;‘niling to 'the
b~?lly
effect
of
reducing
the
_
___-
---.
tends
-.
to
. ____.-_..
-_.
delay
em-...
..-*
h
.__.-._
the to
c;lt~;r? is
due
This
th:\t
relative
wind
wind.
_
ir:!port;mcn position
The.
rotation.
away
of
trailing the
a::e!.e the
lc;~ding
daf'.Lci:ted
developed
to by
of
attack
side
sail. of
_--.
t;le
the
of
___...__.......
cc-lc:~
the
the
stalling
__..,___.____
ccl;::?
I_..
.;ai.i,
..-
.I.
.
.-
.
i’
i
-
-
--
._ _._
_-
posi-i;ioil of _-_ ._. _
_..--. -._--._. .._. _ _
sail
-.
frame. .^.
TOWER:
The
main
There
framework
the
pieces
can
be used
together.
own,
with
or
wood
The
base
is
secured
two
bolts
and
nuts
on
each
plates
which
two
sacks
quired.
A mix
6 parts
ballast
The
anchors
The
dimensions
they
should
what
is.
Maybe
is
about
angle or
by foot
(sand
be
bolts
means to
the
in
the
of
get
is
for
an
of
anything
present it
IO
mm steel. than
can be
be altered
used.
some
made up
axle
mixed)
larger can
to
although
shape
parts
re-
cement
critical
The
hubs
be
aggregate
up
not
if
scrap
to
and
be made are
will
I part
workshop.
difficulty.
in
your
local
Fiske
sure
to
tell
and
that
it
needs
straight.
Alternatively, metal
of
and
engineering be
right
anchored
cement
specified.
axle
it
of
can
some
One way
to
screws
foundations.
About
them
are
fastening
screws
nuts.
The
of
wood
and
concrete
AXLE:
Large
on their
brackets
metal
FOUXDATION:
constructed
20 x IOcm. timbers. a number of ways of
are
metal
is
might
a composite be attempted.
of
wood
and
GUYS :
Use
two
each
eye
pole
bolts
as near
the
top
of
as possible. 23
Four
cables
llbulldog ends
are
tied
grips" of
T each,
to
. f- t % w inserted
the
thimbles
to
using
the the
secure
cable, in
with the
loop.
lQ
The
"strainers
using
go at
thimbles
Bulldog
grips
strainers
to
2 m.
angle-iron
used
as
some
concrete
and
can the
the
bulldog
be
used
cower
end,
again
grips.
to
s ecure
the
anchors. (fencing
an anchor. should
If
post) the
soil
be added.
can is
be soft
SAIL
FRAME:
It
is
constructed
conduit It
(galvanised
is
bent
to
-
see
machine tile
the
was made at
the
bent.
$?imilarly
are
made
gunbarrel Holes
are
to
fastened
to
brackets. single means
the
of
making
the
sail
on
mark The
mark
$ wheel it
second
is
being
mark
and
bend.
take
hubs.
frames
joint
bolts
arms
for
are
by means
fastened this
Although
be better.
the
The
could'be the
96cm
SW might
to
made
mark.
20mm conduit.
of
although
the
Another
while
the
from
the
They bolt
of tube
drilled
fastening
the
to
was
first
with
angle
tubing
is
end.
the
with
right
These
one
the
second
thing 2 mark
beginning
supports
or
between
bends.
made
bending
plumber
important
cm from
is
which the
ROTOR ARMS:
108
bend
just
local
96 cm from
pipe).
a pipe
correct the
welded
using
yollr
of
tube
first
shape
distance
beginning
20 mm electrical seamed
The
electrician. get
of
would rigid.
by need
of one some
I-IEARINGS:
These are
are fastened
bolts
to
plummer the
Make
each.
sure
and
Mood bearings
from
loading
The
take
sail
is
through
which
is
by
and
stitching
The
trailing
the
could
with
two
extra
loops
sail
sail
frame
is
the
front
back doubled
and
used
if
vertical
The
pocket
inserted edge
up canvas.
the
two
inside
with
are
frame
strong but
the
to
is
cords
would to
strong.
easily is
cord
to which
withstand
better too
secured
by
which
then miil
axle
sides
are
a hem.
I: . --.--. L
cord
loops
need
reinforcing.
The
It
the
the
canvas.
cord
corners
loaded
be
oR
The
2
some problems,
- edge
reinforced
of
from
turning the
be
weight
present
made
with
can
although
hardwoocl, might
made
the
which
pieces
they
to
rotor.
blocks
cross
vertically made
SAIL:
standard
another
after
normal
the
ends
is
+:orking
under
make
the
cord
You
can
repair
matter.
the
sufficiently
snap
a storm,
of
storm
tension, conditions
too
light the
a wrecked
broken wind-
IlRTERIiU,S.YTOWER:
2-
2Ocm x IOcm
x 5*5ru
timbers
2-
20cm
x IOcm
x 3.7m
timbers
4-
right
angle
brackets
IOmm x I3Omm Bolts,
20I-
creosote
2-
Eye
8-
Turnbuckles
I-
Reel(s)
of
1616-
Rulldog
grips
GUYS:
6-
nuts,
washers
preservative.
bolts,
nuts,
washers
guy
wire
(strong)
l+mm
Thimbles Steel
poles
(1.5m
-
2m)
FOUNDATION: .
0.35m3
SAIL
2-
sacks
2-
anchor
of of
ballast
cement
plates
FRAP1E: 4-
3m lengths
of
galvanised
conduit
20mm.
4-
3m lengths
of
galvanised
conduit
20mm
ROTOR AREIS: or
AXLE:
HEARINGS:
SAILS:
2-
20ft
lengths
of
8.
'%eeklampsll
I-
2m x 2.5cm
2-
22 x 22 x Icm
16-
6 x &Omm bolts,
+,I gun
+I1 (will
diam.
Plummer
4-
IO
4-
1 m x 1.3m
canvas
-
Light
~131~1
-
Twine
x
ISO
cord
(to
Bolts,
nuts,
20mm conduit)
rod. plate.
nuts,
2-
blocks
fit
steel
steel
barrel
washers.
fit
axle) washers.
‘1 ‘\
,-,.“I’
\
I I’ ‘,_ /
/’
/
-i-
.:
BRACKETS .
.
6
AXLE & HUBS I i
I
..-.--33cm_-)
---
AXLE
--
I
1
..
-i(
HUBS
:
Q
-.-.
/
ROTOR Y
a x
, ,Y
-.
---__---__-
j..95Wk
-- --
.._.
IJ
,
U/V
RATIO:
-1
Rt'\TE OF ROTATIOK :
FRONTAL
AJtE:h:
20 to
2.7mxI.3m
6Or.p.m.
=
3.51,*
optim-um
~3Oc.p.m.