DINFOS NEWSPAPER LAYOUT AND DESIGN

LAYOUT & DESIGN HANDBOOK Stories Headlines

Photos

Cutlines

Basic Public Affairs Specialist-Writer Defense Information School October 2008

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BPAS-W

LAYOUT & DESIGN HANDBOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 DESIGN PRINCIPLES ....................................................................................................5 Chapter 2 DESKTOP PUBLISHING PRINCIPLES..............................................................................13 Pagemaker, Basic How-To Instructions ....................................................................20 Practice Exercise SPORTS PAGE ..............................................................................................................22 Exercise 1 INSIDE NEWS PAGE .....................................................................................................27 Exercise 2 FRONT PAGE ...............................................................................................................36 Exercise 3 FEATURE PAGE ...........................................................................................................45 Exercise 4 PHOTO PAGE ...............................................................................................................49 Exercise 5 FINAL PRODUCT ..........................................................................................................60

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Chapter 1

DESIGN PRINCIPLES Objective: • Produce an internal product Years ago, people had plenty of time to read newspapers. In many cases newspapers were the primary tools used to communicate information to people. They didn’t have as many media choices as they do today. Today, people receive news and entertainment from such media as television, the Internet and satellite radio. These forms of media take little work. All you have to do is turn them on, sit back and mindlessly absorb the information. On the other hand, newspapers take work. People have to make a conscious effort to get information from a newspaper. With this in mind, it is our job to make this effort as easy as possible for our readers. Modern publication design has to be inviting, easy to grasp and instantly informative. Design is as important as writing articles or taking photographs. It is part of the communication process. A quick history One of America’s first publications was published during colonial times – more than 300 years ago. Publick Occurrences and publications like it were small – the size of pamphlets or newsletters. There was little consideration for making these publications pleasing to the eye. Most ran news in deep columns of text. Few headlines were used and most were void of any art. By the 19th century, most newspapers in America took on a different look. A new trend developed – the use of multiple drop headlines or decks. The text ran in long, monotonous columns with little or no artwork to break up its gray appearance. In the 20th century newspapers began to take on an appearance we are more familiar with today. These publications started running bigger and bolder headlines and art. The multiple decks started to fade away. However, most publications still used an eight or ninecolumn grid system. Many used fine lines to separate the columns of text. In the not-so-distant past, many newspaper designers began to convert their pages into six-column grids. Headline typefaces began to become more sophisticated. Editors began to understand the importance of art and photos to help convey a message. White space, instead of lines, was used to separate columns of text. Compared to those publications throughout our history, most of today’s papers have clean lines, are easy to navigate, rely heavily on art and graphics, and are colorful. Modern publications also rely on packaging stories for easy comprehension. Today’s readers expect editors to edit and guide them through a publication. Readers also expect editors to communicate through the use of visual communication. Today, strong publication design is a must in the communication process. But before you can become a great publication designer, you must understand some basics. Design basics At first, designing publications can be a bit intimidating. However, it might help to think of the pages of a publication as a puzzle. There are a few basic elements that make up the majority of all publications. Four elements common to most publications include

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headlines, text, art, which includes photos and graphics, and cutlines. Once you practice using these four elements in different configurations, you will get the hang of design. Headlines Headlines are like neon signs. They attract our attention, get us to read stories and summarize what stories are about. They also help us make a decision to bypass a story as we scan a page. Headline design in contemporary newspapers has changed considerably throughout history. A century ago, most publications mixed headline typefaces at random. They also had a combination of all caps and lower case. Many headlines were centered horizontally with stacked layers of narrow decks atop one another with rules between each deck. In modern publications, headlines are generally written with the normal rules of capitalization, run flush left, and usually wide rather than narrow. They also use decks optionally. Later in the course we will take a closer look at headlines. Text Text is the most important element of publication design. It communicates the bulk of information on a page. It can be gray and boring, but there are many ways to manipulate text so it is pleasing to the eye and easy to read. For example, we can make type bold or italic. We can use indentations to help readers recognize the beginnings of paragraphs. We can also change the size of text and align it in several different ways. In this example, we first have columns of gray text with little to give relief to the readers’ eyes. Then we add paragraph breaks and indentations. In addition we can change the alignment of the columns of text. Finally, we can add bullets, make certain passages bold or add a large capital letter. Serif vs. Sans Serif There are two basic type families that make up the bulk of our publications – serif and sans serif. Serif type has tiny strokes at the tips of each letter. We primarily use serif type families, such as Times New Roman and Bookman, for the large bodies of text in our stories. The tiny strokes at the tips of each letter help readers connect each letter in a word. Sans serif typefaces have no serifs or strokes on the tips of each letter. In French, “sans” means without. In modern publications, most editors use sans serif typefaces for headlines, cutlines and other items in a publication where a typeface needs to contrast with the text of stories. We will talk more about text in upcoming lessons.

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Type terminology It’s also important to know what the parts of type are. This will become especially important later in the course when you will be required to establish a set amount of space between elements on a page. The four parts of type important for you to know include the baseline, the ascender, the descender and the x-height. The baseline is the invisible grid line the characters sit on. The ascender is the part of a letter that extends above the body of type. The descender is the part of the letter that extends below the body of type. Finally, the x-height is the height of a typical lower-case letter, the “x.”

Above: Ragged right (Aligned left)

Above: Justified text

Most publications set text flush left and flush right. This is called justified alignment. However, some editors use text aligned only to the left for certain types of stories. This is also called ragged right. While you are at DINFOS your news stories will be justified in alignment while features will be ragged right, or aligned to the left.

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Leading It is the vertical space between lines of text. Some people refer to leading as interline spacing. It’s the space between one baseline down to the next baseline. This spacing can be tightened or loosened. The amount of leading can help or hinder the readability of text. The important thing to note here is that once your publication establishes a standard amount of leading it should not be tinkered with. In most cases you will use normal leading. Photos Today, readers expect dynamic photos. These photos entice them into picking up a publication and investing their time in it. Not only do they attract the attention of readers, photos help readers comprehend stories. This also applies to other types of artwork, such as information graphics, charts and maps. Although it may seem obvious to you, artwork comes in three primary shapes – horizontal, vertical and square. When looking through a camera lens, most of us hold our cameras horizontally. This format probably makes up the majority of photos we use in publication design. It is the most common shape for news photos. On the other hand, readers find vertical photos interesting. Readers tend to like vertical photos because they are not accustomed to seeing them as frequently as horizontal photos. As a publication designer, however, vertical photos can give you a headache because they run deep and may cause readers to question which stories they go with. Finally, there is the square format. Square photos generally are considered boring, but sometimes the content of a photo almost begs for a square shape. Cutlines The final basic element in publication design is the cutline. As we know, pictures themselves tell stories. But cutlines help fill in the “who, what, where and when.” Cutline typeface The typeface used for cutlines depends largely on the typeface used in the story text. Cutlines should contrast with any nearby text. To make sure this difference is clear, most publications use a typeface opposite that of the text. For example, if a publication uses a serif font for text, such as Times New Roman, its cutlines may be a sans serif typeface, such as Arial. Some publications use the same typeface in their cutlines as the story text but make the cutlines bold to show contrast.

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Cutline placement Cutlines can rest below the photos and some can rest beside the photos. In some publications you may find cutlines that rest between photos. However, this should be avoided because it makes readers work too hard. These are called gang cutlines. In general, each photo should have its own cutline. Modular design By definition, a module is a unit or a part of a whole. As applied to page design, it is a rectangular unit. The four basic elements that make up a module include headlines, text, art and cutlines. Packaging using modular design By using basic, rectangular shapes, pages look neat and orderly. Readers like these neat packages because they help them organize their thoughts. In the not-so-distant past, editors gave little thought to packaging, and text wrapped irregularly around related or non-related stories and pictures. This practice was supported by the principle that readers can be led from one story to another by interlocking them like a puzzle. However, the pages looked somewhat chaotic and often confused readers. Although modular design helps readers organize their thoughts, it’s important for every page to have focus. To do this, each page should have a dominant element. Pages with focus give readers a starting point and show that you’re not afraid to make decisions. The easiest way to give focus to a page is to use a dominant photo or graphic element. However, you can also use type effectively to create a dominant element.

The flag One of the first things readers notice on a newspaper is the nameplate of the publication, which is also called the flag. It sets the tone for the publication and gives it a certain personality. The flag can say to the reader, “This is an old-fashioned newspaper,” or

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“This newspaper is up-to-date.” Like almost anything in design, simplicity is the best approach. When a flag is unnecessarily cluttered, it can give the publication an amateurish quality. Standing and section headlines Just like travelers need signposts to tell them where to go, readers need signposts to guide them through a publication. Often times we do this by using section headlines and standing headlines. A section headline tells readers what department of the paper they’re in. It’s like a huge highway sign telling them, “Now you are entering the land of NEWS,” or “Now you are entering the town of SPORTS.” Standing headlines, on the other hand, are smaller signs that tell readers, “Exit here for MOVIES,” or “Pull in here for HOROSCOPES.” Pulled quotes Pulled quotes, also known as liftout quotes remain popular. Readers find them interesting and these quotes attract their attention to a story. A pulled quote is also a great tool to have in your bag when you need one to help fill space or create an interesting design. Although they can be designed in a variety of ways, pulled quotes share some basic guidelines. First, they should be actual quotations found in the story, and they should be attributed. They should also be bigger and bolder than the text type. Pulled quotes less than 1 inch deep can look trivial. Pulled quotes can also be combined with photos of the people who said them. Bylines The byline is the name of the reporter and what unit he works for. Every story, except for briefs, should have a byline. A byline has several functions. First, it gives credit to the author. It also places responsibility on the author. Its design function is to provide a transition from headline type to text type. The byline style should be harmonious with the rest of the publication. There are two general guidelines for bylines. Flush left is best because we read from left to right. Also, bylines are normally larger than the text type. This provides contrast and eases the transition from headline to text. You can also provide this contrast in other ways, such as using bold type or using a sans serif. Credit lines Credit lines are similar to bylines, but give credit to a person who takes a photograph or creates a graphic design. Credit lines can appear at the end of cutlines, but they generally look better parked at the lower right corner of photos. When they appear below the photos, they should be smaller than the cutlines. Rules and boxes You can use rules, or lines, to organize and separate items on a page or to add contrast and flair. More specifically, rules are used to build logos and bylines. They can also create boxes and border photos. Sometimes you can use rules to build charts and graphs and embellish feature and headline designs. Most commonly, rules are used to separate stories and elements from one another. Most modern newspapers use rules and boxes sparingly. Usually these publications reserve the use of rules and boxes for story packages that need

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special treatment. Rules and headlines should not be used to fix poor design decisions, such as butting heads and misplaced photos. Be careful with decorative rules and borders because they can be overdone and may give your publication an amateurish look. Subheads Subheads are small headlines used to break up long blocks of gray text. They can also be used as headlines for briefs. When used in long stories, subheads can make an overwhelming story look like a series of shorter stories. Readers who scan newspapers often start reading a story at a subhead. If they become interested in the story, they go back to the beginning. Subheads should be larger than the text type and placed at logical transitions in a story. Just like regular headlines, subheads should be interesting to help pull readers in. There should be space above a subhead, but below a subhead there should be less space between the subhead and the accompanying text. Initial caps Initial caps can be used to start off a story with a bit of style. And just like subheads, initial caps can be used to help break up long, gray blocks of text. When using them for this purpose, be careful the initial caps don’t unintentionally spell out a word. Initial caps come in two basic varieties – drop caps and raised caps. White space White space is any space on a page not occupied by text or graphics. Regardless of the color – red, blue or green – this empty space is called white space. To some it may seem a waste of space, but publication designers know how to use this space for a purpose. Just as subheads, drop caps and any other items in black help provide relief to gray pages, so does white space. White space is especially important on feature and editorial pages. This added white space gives these pages an informal feel. News pages use less white space than feature and editorial pages, and this gives news pages a more formal feeling. The lack of white space in a publication becomes tedious to readers. However, don’t overuse white space. White space should not draw attention to itself.

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Look at these examples from the Hartford Courant. What purpose does the white space serve on these pages? Are these pages focused? What other design elements are displayed on these examples?

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Chapter 2

DESKTOP PUBLISHING PRINCIPLES Objective: • Produce an internal product The principles of desktop publishing are designed to make your job of creating a publication easy. As this course progresses, you will get to practice this skill by designing several tabloid newspaper pages, such as a sports page, a news page, a feature page and a front page. You will also practice by creating a newsletter. Just as news writing is a process, so is desktop publishing. Therefore, it is important for you to understand each step of the process. Design pitfalls Rivers of white space – Avoid unsightly rivers of white space that travel through your text. This commonly occurs when the text is justified.You can usually fix this by editing your text or controlling the hyphenation within the text.

Don’t break headlines from bylines – Don’t separate the headline of a story from the story’s byline. This could lead readers to become confused. If you want to place a photo above a story, the preferred arrangement is photo, cutline, headline and story. Whispering headlines – Don’t let headlines become an afterthought. The size of a headline is generally determined by the amount of text that accompanies it. Claustrophobic boxes – If you box a story or a photo, make sure you give it some breathing room inside the box. Don’t run the text or photo directly to the inside edge of the box. Instead, allow a bit of space around the inner margin of the box to give it some breathing room. Uneven columns – Columns of text within an individual story should be aligned. Uneven columns make the design look sloppy.

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Too many typefaces – The key to a good design is simplicity. When you plan the style of your publication, choose a small typeface family for things such as headlines, text, cutlines, etc. A page that has too many typefaces begins to look like a circus poster. Inconsistent spacing – Inconsistent spacing between elements on a page gives it an amateurish appearance. A grid system will help you keep items in order on a page. Consistent spacing makes your pages look sharp and professional. Lack of contrast – Be careful what you place behind the text on a page. The best contrast is black letters on a white page. Often times, novice publication designers try to make a page look snazzy by placing graphic elements behind text. In most cases, this looks cheesy and makes the text difficult to read because of the lack of contrast. It is best avoided. Too much gray – Every time you write a story, you should think about possible photos or graphics that could accompany the story. Readers are sophisticated, and they expect artwork to help interest them in a story and help them comprehend it. A page with little artwork is boring, and readers will often be tempted to skip that page. On the other hand, you should not make matters worse by placing just any artwork on a gray page. Unnecessary or cheesy clipart – If you have not planned photos or artwork with each story, you may find you don’t have enough graphic elements to interest readers or fill a page. Many novice designers fix this problem by filling a page with clip art. To make matters worse, they often use outdated clip art, or they enlarge the clip art. Generally, you should use clip art to create information graphics or logos. Bumping headlines – Avoid placing headlines next to each other. This may confuse readers because they don’t know where one story stops and one begins. You may be able to fix this problem by placing a box around one of the stories and its headline. However, this should not be your first choice. It is generally better to redesign the page to avoid bumping headlines. Boxes should be used sparingly. Photos jutting into columns – You should rely on a grid system to help you decide where to place photos. Generally, photos should align vertically with the text they accompany. Lines of text are too wide or narrow – When determining the width you will run text, you should take into consideration your readers’ comfort. This means you should not run text so wide or narrow readers have to struggle reading. This design pitfall is frequently seen in cutlines and special display text. When you are not certain, you can rely on a formula to help you determine the optimum line length. This formula is based on the point size of the text you wish to use. In this formula, you multiply the point size of the text by 1.5 and 2. This will give you a minimum and maximum, or optimum, line length.

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Measuring in design There are three units of measurement we use in publication design – points, picas and inches. Measuring in points – The point is the smallest unit of measure used by publication designers. There are 72 points to an inch. Points are used to measure the size of text, the spacing between lines of text, and the thickness of rules and borders. Because there are 72 points to an inch, you will not use a ruler to measure points. For example, if you want a one-point line, you will set the size of the line by using your desktop publishing program. This also goes for text size and the space between lines of text, which is also called leading (pronounced ledding). Leading is actually the space between one baseline and the baseline below it. Measuring in picas – Picas are used to measure the width of objects on a page and internal spacing of elements. The width of photos is always measured in picas and the column width of text is measured in picas. Finally, the space between headlines, stories, photos, columns of text and other items on a page is measured in picas. There are six picas to an inch. Measuring in inches – Inches are used to measure the depth of objects on a page. Photo depth is always measured in inches, and the depth of headlines and text is measured in inches. We don’t measure things to a degree below 1/8 of an inch. In other words, you won’t likely have to measure 1/16 or 1/32 of an inch.

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Desktop publishing Some people would argue that desktop publishing is strictly the mechanics of placing text, photos and graphics on a page using a computer program. But the entire process of DTP involves not only the mechanical aspect but the creative aspect as well. Let’s take a look at a three-step approach to planning a document. First, we must have a plan. This plan involves the use of three tools. They include a master copy log, a thumbnail sketch and a dummy sheet. Copy log – When you arrive at your first public affairs office, you may immediately find yourself directly involved in creating your installation’s publication. In most cases, you will publish a weekly newspaper. At the beginning of your publication week, you will start with a clean slate. Throughout the week you will write news articles, feature stories, cutlines and news briefs. You will also take photographs and create other graphics to accompany your text. In addition to the articles and artwork your office creates, you will receive submissions from outside sources. To keep order in your publication, you and your fellow workers must have a way to track of all these documents. The best way to do this is to maintain a master copy log. Take a look at the example on the next page.

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You can see there is a place for the reporter’s name, the slug of the story, the story length and the page each article will go on. There is also a place to log information about any photos or artwork that will go with the article. In the art/photo box, you should use an “H” or a “V” to indicate whether the art will be horizontal or vertical in format. This block should also contain any known measurements of the photo or the hole to be filled on the page. At a minimum, you will maintain a weekly copy log for the issue your office is currently working on. As writers are assigned stories, their work can be tracked. However, you may also want to maintain copy logs for future issues of your publication. Creating a publication is similar to putting together a puzzle. With a copy log, you can keep track of all of the pieces. Now that you know what pieces are available, the next step is more creative. You must take those pieces and decide how to best place them on a page.

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Thumbnail sketch –The first step to creation is developing a concept. In publication design, we call this a thumbnail sketch. Thumbnail sketches are rough drawings, sometimes only comprehensible to you, used to explore layout options. These quick pen or pencil sketches allow you to try out several ideas and zero in on the most likely layouts before beginning a project. Creating thumbnail sketches is a crucial part of the brainstorming aspect of your design work. There are no rules when it comes to the symbols you use to create a thumbnail sketch as long as they make sense to you. Don’t fret over details and don’t worry about making pretty pictures. Use thumbnails to establish approximate locations for major elements. Try for an approximately proportional page size but don't get out the ruler. You’re aiming for a general idea of how the piece might look. You may have to make lots of rough sketches. You’ll rule out many design ideas quickly this way before wasting time in your page layout program. Don’t try doing these initial rough designs in your software. It is timely, and you’re apt to get caught up in things like changing the fonts or doing perfectly aligned graphics. Save that step until you’ve created a more detailed plan, which we call a dummy sheet. Dummy sheets – A dummy sheet is a scaled-down version of an actual page. In this course, the dummy sheet is approximately 45 percent of an actual tabloid-sized page, which is 11 by 17 inches. You can also see that a dummy sheet has a few more details than a blank thumbnail sketch.

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Grid systems – Any professional publication has a grid system. On a dummy sheet this grid system is represented by vertical lines that represent the width of columns measure in picas and horizontal lines and hash marks on the side that represent inches and quarter inches. Many pages you see every day have a grid. You may not see it but it is there, holding up the design, establishing structure and guiding the page elements. A grid is an invisible structure used to guide the placement of elements on your page. Grids don’t appear on the printed piece but their influence may be evident in the widths of column texts, the uniformity of space around photographs, or the consistent placement of repeating elements from page to page in a publication. They are a series of guidelines that determine the margins of the piece, space between page elements, headlines, body text, photographs, etc., and let you know where to put things on the blank page. In this course we will use a tabloid-sized page with a standard five-column grid. Each column width represents 11.5 picas. The printable area of the page is 61.5 picas wide by 15.75 inches deep. Thus, five columns of 11.5 pica-wide columns with one-pica gutters equal 61.5 picas.

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Pagemaker, Basic How-To Instructions Change measurements to picas 1. Before you set up your document, you must ensure the settings are set to picas. In order to do this, you must click on FILE, PREFERENCES, GENERAL. 2. Change the “Measurements in:” and “Vertical ruler” settings to PICAS. 3. Hit OK. Note: When a document is open, you can change the measurements from picas to inches and inches to picas by right clicking on the vertical or horizontal ruler. Create a new page 1. From the FILE menu, select PREFERENCES, GENERAL. Change the rulers to picas. 2. Go to FILE and choose NEW. A page setup screen will appear. Select TABLOID page size, and change margins to the following: Inside: 2p Outside: 2p6 Top: 4p6 Bottom: 4p6 3. At the bottom of the dialog box where it says COMPOSE TO PRINTER box, select the printer for your classroom. Each time you create a new document or open a new template, you must adjust this setting! 4. Hit OK. 5. From the LAYOUT menu, select COLUMN GUIDES. Change the number of columns to five. Space between columns should be 1 pica. Hit OK. Create a headline 1. Choose the TEXT TOOL from the Toolbox. 2. Go to the TYPE menu and select CHARACTER. Choose ARIAL font and the point size you want your headline to be. Click OK. 3. Place the cursor beneath the place you want your headline to be. Type your headline. 4. Use the POINTER TOOL to click on the text. Using the Text Block Handles, stretch the window shades so the copy fits across the correct number of columns. Place text 1. Go to the FILE menu and select PLACE. 2. Find the file you need by selecting the proper drive and folder and select the file. This will return you to the Pagemaker document and the text icon will appear. 3. Move the icon where you want your story to begin and use Window Shades to fit your story in the space allotted on your dummy sheet. To stretch the text across several columns, click on the red button at the bottom of the text. This will bring up another text icon. Place it in the next column. Continue to do this for all your columns. Line up text You can use the window shades to even the columns. Be sure your story is in body text, that all paragraphs are indented properly and that your text lines up from column to column. Pull down a guideline to the baseline of any line in your first column of text. Adjust the columns so all baselines line up.

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Create a drop cap 1. Using the TEXT TOOL, highlight the first letter of a paragraph. Make sure you do not indent this paragraph. You may need to remove the indent. 2. Go to the UTILITIES menu and click on PLUG-INS. Click on DROP CAP. 3. Change the size to three lines and click OK. Create a pulled quote 1. Put your cursor in the column in which you intend to put your pulled quote. Click on Pulled Quote from your Styles Palette. Type your quote. Use the Text Block Handles to stretch your quote across the proper number of columns. 2. Add the credit line. Place the TEXT TOOL cursor in the final column of your quote, about ½ inch below the quote. From the TYPE menu, choose ARIAL, 11-point, leading auto. 3. Type the credit line. 4. Highlight the entire credit information. From the TYPE menu, select ALIGNMENT, ALIGN RIGHT. 5. Using the LINE DRAW tool, draw a 1-point line above the top line of the pulled quote and a 1-point line below the bottom credit line. 6. Use the following measurements to space elements in the pulled quote: Top line of a pulled quote, ½ pica below element; Pulled Quote, ½ pica below top line; Credit line, ½ pica below pulled quote; Bottom line, ½ pica below credit line. Setting up a style palette 1. Go to the TYPE menu and select DEFINE STYLES. 2. A DEFINE STYLES dialog box will come up. In the box will be a list of different styles available. Refer your defined styles for the specifications of the styles you will use the most. 3. Double click on the style, or select NEW. If you must create a new style, name it. To edit styles, select CHARACTER or PARAGRAPH and make changes as needed. Fill out a dummy sheet 1. Fill out copy log with the exception of column widths and story depth. 2. Placing the most important stories in descending order on your page, visualize the modules and complete a thumbnail sketch of your page. 3. Go back to the copy log and fill in the column widths and determine the depth of the stories using the copy fit divisors. 4. Begin filling out your dummy sheet. 5. To determine headline size, look at the depth of your story and check the determining headline size chart. After determining headline size, check the headline depth schedule for the depth of your headline. 6. Complete dummy sheet.

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Practice Exercise Half-Page Sports Design & Layout Publication date: Thursday You must produce a sports half-page, Page 18. Your instructor will lead you, step by step, through the layout and design of this page. You must complete a copy log, thumbnail sketch and dummy sheet, and then you must layout the page using desktop publishing software. If you have any questions, ask your instructor. Story/photo • SPORTS.txt – Bill Lincicome wrote a story about a flag football intramural game. The story, which is 65.5 lines, should be copyfit at 11.5 Justified.  SPORTS.jpg – Accompanying photo of DINFOS Sharks quarterback Robert Attebury, a photojournalism instructor from the public affairs department. Your editor would like the photo set across two columns.  SPORTSCUT.txt – Accompanying cutline for the photo. Use your rank and name for the credit line. Headline • 5-36AB-1 Deadline Your final sports page layout is due at 4 p.m. Save your completed file to your U: drive often throughout the day. You may work from the desktop, but remember to save to your U: drive and delete the file from the desktop at the end of the day. Proofread your page thoroughly. Ensure the page is spaced properly and you have the right typefaces for all your text. Turn in your:

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Final page layout (It should be “camera-ready,” which means it’s free of any edit marks and/or errors)

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Copy log Thumbnail sketch Dummy sheet

Step-by-step instructions for the Half-Page Sports Design & Layout Open the template: 1. Go to FILE and choose OPEN. Go to the Student on Bart drive and click on DESIGN FILES FOR BPAS-W. Click on your appropriate section and student folder, and then click on the Sports folder. Open the Sports Template. 2. Go to FILE and choose SAVE AS. Save this file to your desktop. You may work from the desktop, but you must save this document to your U: drive when it’s complete, and then you must delete the file from your desktop. Create the headline: 1. Use a horizontal blue guide to measure 1 pica of space below your folio line. 2. Place your cursor on the blue guide, and drag it across the five 11.5-pica columns. 3. From the STYLE PALETTE select HEADLINE BOLD. 4. Type in your headline. It should be set at 5-36AB-1. Sizing your photo: 1. Open Adobe Photoshop and go to FILE and choose OPEN. Go to the Student on Bart drive and click on DESIGN FILES FOR BPAS-W. Click on your appropriate section and student folder, and then click on the Sports folder. Open SPORTS. jpg. 2. Go to IMAGE and choose IMAGE SIZE. In the DOCUMENT SIZE pane, change the width and height measurement to PICAS. (Ensure the CONSTRAIN PROPORTIONS and RESAMPLE IMAGE options are checked and be sure RESAMPLE IMAGE is set to BICUBIC.) Enter 24 for the width in the DOCUMENT SIZE pane and then click OK. 3. Go to FILE and choose SAVE AS. Save this file to your desktop. You may work from the desktop, but you must save this file to your U: drive when it’s complete, and then you must delete the file from your desktop. You can now close Adobe Photoshop. Placing your photo: 1. Go to FILE and choose PLACE. Go to the desktop where you saved SPORTS.jpg, select it and click OPEN. A new window will open – select NO. 2. Move the cursor to the left margin of the second column and click the left mouse button once to place the photo. 3. Now select the image and click on UTILITIES, PLUG-INS and choose KEYLINE. Click on ATTRIBUTES. For STROKE it should be set to HAIRLINE, the COLOR should be BLACK with 100% TINT. Click OK. Ensure the option BRING KEYLINE IN FRONT OF OBJECT is selected and click OK. 4. Place the photo ½ pica below the lowest descenders in the headline.

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Place your cutline: 1. From the FILE menu, select PLACE. Go to the Student on Bart drive and click on DESIGN FILES FOR BPAS-W. Click on your appropriate section and student folder, and then click on the Sports folder. 2. Locate the SPORTSCUT.txt file in the FILE NAME and select OPEN. Another box will open up; click on OK. 3. Your story should be placed 1 pica below the photo, matching its width. Once your cutline is placed, go to the EDIT menu and SELECT ALL. The text will be highlighted, even the part you can’t see. 4. Go to the STYLE PALETTE, and select CUTLINE. Your text should be: ARIAL, BOLD, 10-point size, FLUSH LEFT. Place your photo credit: 1. Type “Photo by [your rank and name].” Go to the STYLE PALETTE, and select PHOTO CREDIT. Your text should be: ARIAL, NORMAL, 6-point size, FLUSH RIGHT. 2. Align the photo credit with the right margin of the photo, just underneath, but not touching, the photo. Place your story: 1. From the FILE menu, select PLACE. Go to the Student on Bart drive and click on DESIGN FILES FOR BPAS-W. Click on your appropriate section and student folder, and then click on the Sports folder. 2. Locate the SPORTS.txt file in the FILE NAME and select OPEN. Another box will open up; click on OK. 3. Your story should be placed in the first column, ½ pica below the lowest descenders in the headline. Once your story’s placed, go to the EDIT menu and SELECT ALL. The text will be highlighted, even the part you can’t see. 4. Go to the STYLE PALETTE, and select BODY TEXT. Your text should be: BOOKMAN, 10-point size, JUSTIFIED. 5. Adjust the story by pushing the first column up until it lines up with the blue guide marking your work area. Place the story across the next two columns using the red icon at the bottom of your text box. Make sure they all begin at the same place on top. Don’t forget to delete your slug and extra tabs. 6. Highlight the byline. Select BYLINE from the STYLE PALETTE. Your byline should be: BOOKMAN, BOLD ITALIC. Leave one line of space after your byline. The byline and story should be in the same text box. 7. The space under your cutline is called “float space.” You can have anywhere from ½ pica to 1 ½ picas of space to work with so that the bottom of all columns of text are aligned with each other.

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This page is an example only. Your page may vary slightly.

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This criteria sheet is a guide for you as you develop your assignment. Check beside each criterion after you have fulfilled each necessary element required for excellence. P U B L I C A F F A I RS D E P A R TM E N T D E F E N S E I N F O RM A T I O N S C H O O L

DESI G N & LAYO UT E XER CI SE( S) CRI TE RI A SH EET CHECK _ _ _ _ _ 1 . P a g e f l a t i s c o mp l e t e a n d c a me r a r e a d y . _ _ _ _ _ 2 . D e s i g n h as a b a l a n c e o f d i s p l ay ty p e , b od y ty p e , ar t w o r k a nd w h i t e s p a ce a n d o f f er s s mo o t h e y e f l ow . _ _ _ _ _ 3 . D e s i g n i nc l u d e s f o cu s . _ _ _ _ _ 4 . C o py i s a li g n e d a n d p r o p e r ly co py - f i t t e d . _ _ _ _ _ 5 . T h e c o p y i s f r e e o f ty p i n g e r r or s , c o n f orms t o t h e A P S t y l e b oo k a n d i s a c cu r a t e , b r i e f a n d c l e a r . _ _ _ _ _ 6 . A r t w o rk i s p r o p e r ly c r o p p e d a n d s i ze d . _ _ _ _ _ 7 . L a r g e a r e a s o f g r ay a r e e l i mi n a t e d o r b ro k e n u p by a r t or headlines. _ _ _ _ _ 8 . C o n s t a n t s ( f l a g s , f ol i o s , e t c . ) a r e i n p l a c e . _ _ _ _ _ 9 . H e a d l i n e s a r e a p p r op r i a t e . N o t o mb s t o n e s ( b u mp i n g ) . _ _ _ _ _ 1 0 . B o x l i n e s a r e n o t t o o t h i n , t o o t h i c k o r mi s s i n g . _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 . D u mm y s h e e t h a s pr o p e r s y mb o l s a n d di me n s i o n s . _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 . C o p y l og i s c o mp l e t e a n d r e f l e c t s t h e c o n t e n t s o f t h e flat.

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Exercise 1 Inside News Page Design & Layout Publication date: Thursday You must produce an inside news page, Page 3. Your editor has given you the requirements for this page, which includes a chimney of news briefs. You must complete a copy log, thumbnail sketch and dummy sheet, and then you must layout the page using desktop publishing software. If you have any questions, ask your instructor. Story •

•

Your news feature (Feats 1) – You will use your Feats 1, corrected. You may jump this story to Page 5. You must include a jumpline at the end of your story, but you are only required to layout Page 3. Copy fit is 11.5RR. Include a pulled quote of your choice. Run it two columns wide and between 1 ½ to 2 inches deep.

Briefs • • • • • •

Supply – The Army’s best supply units received special awards. The story has 9.5 lines. Copyfit all briefs at 22J. CFC – A staff writer turned in an advance story about the Combined Federal Campaign kicking off. It is 15.5 lines long. Fallfest – The Fallfest committee sent over a schedule of events for this year’s Fallfest. The story has 10 lines. Fair – A notice for a military exhibit. The story has five lines. Cleanup – The post sergeant major called and wants the specifics run about the post cleanup. It has 12.5 lines. ADCO – ADCO brought over a story for a UADC workshop. The story has 10.5 lines.

Photo •

Army birthday stand alone – See Page 30 of this instruction booklet for details.

Headlines • For the news feature: 3-36AB-2 • For the News Brief column standing headline: 2-18AB-1 with a 1-pt line below it • For the News Brief headlines: 2-14AB-1 • For the stand alone photo (catchline): 2-16AB-1

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Pulled quote example

Deadline Your final inside news page layout is due at 4 p.m. Save your completed file to your U: drive often throughout the day. You may work from the desktop, but remember to save to your U: drive and delete the file from the desktop at the end of the day. Proofread your page thoroughly. Ensure the page is spaced properly and you have the right typefaces for all your text. Turn in your:



Final page layout (It should be “camera-ready,” which means it’s free of any edit marks and/or errors)

   28

Copy log Thumbnail sketch Dummy sheet

Stand-alone photo Reproduction size: 34.5p x 6 ¾” Photo credit: Your rank and full name Catchline: Celebrating the Army birthday Cutline: Spc. Amy L. Lacamp, a broadcast student from the Defense Information School here, dances with entertainer Chris Isaak during his performance at the Army’s 230th Birthday Ball in Washington, D.C., Saturday.

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Step-by-step instructions for the Inside News Page Open the template: 3. Go to FILE and choose OPEN. Go to the Student on Bart drive and click on DESIGN FILES FOR BPAS-W. Click on your appropriate section and student folder, and then click on the Inside News folder. Open the Inside News Template. 4. Go to FILE and choose SAVE AS. Save this file to your desktop. You may work from the desktop, but you must save this document to your U: drive when it’s complete, and then you must delete the file from your desktop. Create the chimney: 1. Use a horizontal blue guide to measure 1 pica of space below your folio line. 2. At this point, select the BOX TOOL and draw a 1-point box across the first and second columns, down the length of the page (approx. 15 ¼ inches) Note: There must be 1 pica of breathing space inside your chimney. Use the BLUE GUIDES from the horizontal and vertical rulers to specify the breathing space. Zero your rulers as many times as needed to accomplish this. Create News Briefs standing headline: 1. Select the TEXT TOOL and place the cursor on the left vertical ruler guide 1 pica below the News Briefs box you just created. 2. Draw a text block across both columns, inside the blue guide lines. 3. Select SUBHEAD 1 from the STYLE PALETTE. Type: News Briefs. Your headline should be ARIAL, 18-point size, BOLD. 4. Go to the TYPE menu and choose ALIGNMENT, CENTER. 5. Move the News Briefs standing headline to the top blue guide line. The highest ascenders in the standing headline should touch the blue guide line, without crossing over it. REMEMBER TO ALIGN TO THE CHARACTER, NOT THE BOX. 6. Grab the LINE DRAW tool. From the ELEMENT menu, select STROKE, 1-point line. 7. Draw the line across both columns ½ pica below the text, allowing 1 pica of breathing space inside each side of the box (from the left blue guide to the right blue guide). Create the headline for the first story: 1. Grab the TEXT TOOL and place the cursor on the left vertical ruler guide below the News Briefs box. Draw a TEXT BLOCK across both columns, inside the blue guide lines. 2. Go to the STYLE PALETTE and select SUBHEAD 2. Type in your first story headline. (Refer to the example on your exercise assignment sheet for headline ideas.) Your headline should be ARIAL, 14-point size, BOLD. Align the headline accordingly, ensuring there’s 1 pica between the headline and the 1-point line above it.

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Place the first News Brief: 1. Go the FILE menu, and select PLACE. 2. Go to the Inside News Page Design & Layout folder. 3. In the FILE NAME section, highlight your story’s slug by clicking on it. Press OK. This will take you back to your PageMaker page and the TEXT ICON will appear. 4. Place the icon under the headline by the left blue guide line that represents your left boundary, press the left mouse button and hold, dragging it across both columns to the right blue guide line that represents the right boundary of the briefs. 5. Once your story’s placed, go to the EDIT menu and SELECT ALL. The text will be highlighted, even the parts you can’t see. 6. Go to the STYLE PALETTE, and select BODY TEXT. Your text should be: BOOKMAN, 10-point size, JUSTIFIED. 7. Using the TEXT TOOL, delete the slug and all line spaces above the first line of copy. 8. Move the news brief ½ pica below its headline. 9. Continue steps 1-8 to place the other briefs. REMEMBER TO MEASURE YOUR SPACE BELOW THE LOWEST DESCENDER OF YOUR TEXT. REFER TO THE SPACING GUIDELINES IN YOUR DESKTOP PUBLISHING WORKBOOK IF YOU GET CONFUSED. Create photo box: 1. Return to the top of your page and find the blue guide you placed 1 pica below your folio line. Zero your rulers once again at the corner of your third column, on the right side of your News Briefs box. 2. Right click on your left ruler and change it to INCHES, then select the BOX TOOL. 3. From the ELEMENT/STROKE menu, select 1 PT. Draw a box from the third column to the right margin, 8 inches deep. The box should be 1 pica below the folio line, lined up with the top of the News Briefs box. Use your blue guides to give measure 1 pica of space around the inside of the box. 4. From the FILE menu, select PLACE. In the Inside News folder, find your photo and click on it. Press OPEN. This will take you back to your PageMaker page and the PHOTO ICON will appear. Place the photo within the 1-pt box and click on the left mouse button. 5. At this point you must crop your photo slightly and adjust the alignment to fit within the 1-pica frame you created. 6. With your photo highlighted, click on the UTILITIES menu, go to PLUG-INS, then click on KEYLINE. Type in .25 for the line thickness and click OK. Note: Once you keyline your photo, you will no longer be able to crop it.

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Create the photo credit line: 1. Zoom in so you’re viewing your page at 100 percent. 2. Grab the TEXT TOOL. 3. From the STYLE PALETTE, select PHOTO CREDIT LINE. 4. Place the cursor in the third column just below the photo box. Type in Photo by your rank, first and last name. It should be ARIAL, 6 PT, NORMAL. 5. The photo credit line should be just below the photo box, but not touching it. If yours is not close enough, adjust it. Create the catchline and cutline: 1. Using the pointer, place a blue guide 1 pica below your photo box. 2. Using the TEXT TOOL, stretch a text box across approximately two columns, then type the following:

Celebrating the Army birthday It should be ARIAL, 16 PT, BOLD. 3. Using the POINTER, measure a ½ pica below the catchline and draw another TEXT BLOCK across the width of your photo box. 4. Select CUTLINES from the STYLE PALETTE (10 PT Arial Bold), and type the following:

Spc. Amy L. Lacamp, a broadcast student from the Defense Information School here, dances with entertainer Chris Isaak during his performance at the Army’s 230th Birthday Ball in Washington, D.C., Saturday. 3. You may have to adjust your box slightly to ensure you have 1 pica of breathing room between your cutline and the bottom of your box. Create the headline: 1. Place your cursor 1 pica below the stand alone photo, and drag it across the three 11.5pica columns. 2. From the STYLE PALETTE select HEADLINE BOLD. 2. Type in your headline. It should be set at 3-36AB-2.

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Place your story: 1. Ensure the corrections are made, remove the slug, mores, -30-, etc., and save your Features 1 assignment as a plain text file. (.txt) 2. From the FILE menu, select PLACE. 3. Locate your Feats 1 file in the FILE NAME and select OPEN. 4. Your story should fall in the first column. Once your story’s placed, go to the EDIT menu and SELECT ALL. The text will be highlighted, even the part you can’t see. 6. Go to the STYLE PALETTE, and select BODY TEXT. Your text should be: BOOKMAN, 10-point size, FLUSH LEFT. 7. Adjust the story by pushing the first column up about a third of the way. Place the story across the next two columns using the red icon at the bottom of your text box. Make sure they all begin at the same place on top. Don’t forget to delete your slug and extra tabs. 8. Highlight the byline. Select BYLINE from the STYLE PALETTE. Your byline should be: BOOKMAN, BOLD ITALIC. Leave one line of space after your byline. The byline and story should be in the same text box. 9. Place the story ½ pica below the lowest descenders in the headline. Create pulled quote: 1. Using your POINTER, move your third column down to make space for your pulled quote. 2. Use the LINE DRAW TOOL to draw a 1-point line across the width of the fourth and fifth columns, ½ pica below the headline. Then draw a 1-point line approximately 1 1/2 inches below the first line. 3. Grab the TEXT TOOL, and select the PULLED QUOTE style from the STYLE PALETTE (make sure it is 16 pt. ABI). Type in a quote from your feature that you feel is worthy to highlight. 4. Move the pulled quote ½ pica below the top line. 5. Using the TEXT TOOL, place the cursor on the left vertical ruler guide, about ½ pica below the quote. Draw a text block across the length of the column. 6. Select CUTLINE from the STYLE PALETTE, and type in the source’s full name followed by a comma, press ENTER, and then type in the source’s job title. 7. Use the TEXT TOOL to highlight these two lines. 8. From the TYPE menu, select TYPE STYLE and select NORMAL type face. Then change the type size to 11 pts. 9. From the TYPE menu, select ALIGNMENT, ALIGN RIGHT. Move the quote credit line ½ pica above the bottom line of the pulled quote area. Ensure there is between ½ and 1.5 picas between your pulled quote and the rest of the text in your story, then align the story so all columns end on the same line. Create a jumpline: 1. At the bottom of the last column of text, type in a jumpline to indicate the story will continue on Page 5. Go to the STYLE PALETTE and click on JUMPLINE. It should be Arial 10 pt Bold Italic, Flush Right.

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This page is an example only. Your page may vary slightly.

34

This criteria sheet is a guide for you as you develop your assignment. Check beside each criterion after you have fulfilled each necessary element required for excellence. P U B L I C A F F A I RS D E P A R TM E N T D E F E N S E I N F O RM A T I O N S C H O O L

DESI G N & LAYO UT E XER CI SE( S) CRI TE RI A SH EET CHECK _ _ _ _ _ 1 . P a g e i s c omp l e t e a n d c a m e r a r e a d y . _ _ _ _ _ 2 . D e s i g n h as a b a l a n c e o f d i s p l ay ty p e , b od y ty p e , ar t w o r k a nd w h i t e s p a ce a n d o f f er s s mo o t h e y e f l ow . _ _ _ _ _ 3 . D e s i g n i nc l u d e s f o cu s . _ _ _ _ _ 4 . C o py i s a li g n e d a n d p r o p e r ly co py - f i t t e d . _ _ _ _ _ 5 . T h e c o p y i s f r e e o f ty p i n g e r r or s , c o n f orms t o t h e A P S t y l e b oo k a n d i s a c cu r a t e , b r i e f a n d c l e a r . _ _ _ _ _ 6 . A r t w o rk i s p r o p e r ly c r o p p e d a n d s i ze d . _ _ _ _ _ 7 . L a r g e a r e a s o f g r ay a r e e l i mi n a t e d o r b ro k e n u p by a r t or headlines. _ _ _ _ _ 8 . C o n s t a n t s ( f l a g s , f ol i o s , e t c . ) a r e i n p l a c e . _ _ _ _ _ 9 . H e a d l i n e s a r e a p p r op r i a t e . N o t o mb s t o n e s ( b u mp i n g ) . _ _ _ _ _ 1 0 . B o x l i n e s a r e n o t t o o t h i n , t o o t h i c k o r mi s s i n g . _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 . D u mm y s h e e t h a s pr o p e r s y mb o l s a n d di me n s i o n s . _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 . C o p y l og i s c o mp l e t e a n d r e f l e c t s t h e c o n t e n t s o f t h e flat.

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Exercise 2 Front Page Design & Layout Publication date: Thursday You must produce a front page. Your editor has given you the requirements for Page 1, which includes your corrected News 6 story. You must complete a copy log, thumbnail sketch and dummy sheet, and then you must layout the page using desktop publishing software. You must get your dummy sheet approved before you begin the pagination. You must use: •

Your Localize and Rewrite story (News 6) – You will use your News 6, corrected. Copy fit the news story at 11.5J.

You may use any of the following: •

A news story about an Air Force medic from Fort Meade with at least one photo. Air Force Staff Sgt. Karen J. Tomasik wrote the story, which is 37 lines long. Copy fit the news story at 11.5J.  MEDIC.jpg – Accompanying photo of Air Force medic Senior Airman Jessica Henry from Fort Meade’s 70th Medical Group. -OR-

 MEDEVAC.jpg – Accompanying photo of Air Force medic Senior Airman Jessica Henry from Fort Meade’s 70th Medical Group. -OR

•

HELO.jpg – Accompanying photo of Air Force medic Senior Airman Jessica Henry from Fort Meade’s 70th Medical Group.

A stand-alone photo. 

HUMANITARIAN.jpg – The photo should run across at least three columns.



MARINE.jpg – The photo should run across at least two columns.

-OR-

•

A news feature about reservists returning from Iraq. Rona Hirsch wrote the story, which is 82 lines long. Copy fit at 11.5RR.

Stories • •

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Remove slug, -more- and -30-. You may jump any of the stories, but you must place at least three column inches of copy for each jumped story on Page 1.

Headlines • Should vary in posture and weight • Sizes should range from 24 to 60 pts • Consider using a drop headline (Should be opposite weight and ½ size of main headline) Other important information Save your completed file to your U: drive often throughout the day. You may work from the desktop, but remember to save to U: drive and delete the file from the desktop at the end of the day. Proofread your page thoroughly. Ensure the page is spaced properly and you have the right typefaces for all your text. Final deadline: 1600 In your assignment folder, you must include:

  

Final Front Page layout (It should be “camera-ready,” which means it’s free of any edit marks and/or errors) Copy log Dummy sheet

Flag requirements Flag Font: Times New Roman Point size: 100 Leading: Auto Alignment: Centered Type Style: Normal Flag folio line Font: Arial Point size: 12 Leading Auto Alignment: Volume and issue numbers align left, address centered, date aligned right Type style: Bold The flag measures 5 columns by 1.5 inches. For Instructional Purposes Only floats above the pink line at the top of the page. The flag goes 1 pica below the pink line. The folio line is ½ pica below the flag, and the line (4 pt) is ½ pica below the folio. Below is an example. Make sure you include all the folio information. The volume and issue numbers are your class and badge numbers.

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Medic.jpg Reproduction size: Must run across at least one column. Photo credit: Your rank and full name Cutline: Air Force Senior Airman Jessica Henry, a 70th Medical Group medic from Fort Meade, monitors the speed of intravenous fluids administered to a military policeman from the 423rd Military Police Company during a medical evacuation exercise at the Las Flores work site in the San Vicente region of El Salvador March 29.

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Medevac.jpg Reproduction size: Must run across at least two columns. Photo credit: Your rank and full name Cutline: Army Sgt. Nichole Mueller, a flight medic with the 24th Medical Company Air Ambulance, Detachment 1, deployed from Lincoln, Neb., shouts orders to keep the litter crew in proper alignment with a UH-60 Blackhawk during a medical evacuation exercise at the Las Flores work site in the San Vicente region of El Salvador this.

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Helo.jpg Reproduction size: Must run across at least two columns. Photo credit: Your rank and full name Cutline: A military policeman deployed to Joint Task Force Para Los Niños, directs members of a litter crew to safety after delivering a patient to a waiting aeromedical evacuation helicopter crew. The patient will be transported to a local hospital for treatment as part of a medical evacuation exercise at the Las Flores work site in the San Vicente region of El Salvador this month.

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Stand-alone photo option #1 Reproduction size: Must run across at least two columns. Photo credit: Your rank and full name Cutline: An Iraqi child tries on Spc. Taryn Emery’s sunglasses during a humanitarian assistance mission this month in Qaryat Al Majarrah, Iraq, to provide security and medical care to local families. Emery is an administrative clerk with the 2nd Battalion, 136th Infantry Regiment here.

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Stand-alone photo option #2 Reproduction size: Must run across at least two columns. Photo credit: Your rank and full name Cutline: Wounded Iraqi veteran, Marine Corps Cpl. Justin Kenney, and Marine Gen. Peter Pace, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, walk to the National Museum of the Marine Corps after its dedication ceremony in Quantico, Va. Kenney, an intelligence analyst assigned to the National Security Agency here, was one of 400 Marines honored at the ceremony Saturday.

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This criteria sheet is a guide for you as you develop your assignment. Check beside each criterion after you have fulfilled each necessary element required for excellence. P U B L I C A F F A I RS D E P A R TM E N T D E F E N S E I N F O RM A T I O N S C H O O L

DESI G N & LAYO UT E XER CI SE( S) CRI TE RI A SH EET CHECK _ _ _ _ _ 1 . P a g e f l a t i s c o mp l e t e a n d c a me r a r e a d y . _ _ _ _ _ 2 . D e s i g n h as a b a l a n c e o f d i s p l ay ty p e , b od y ty p e , ar t w o r k a nd w h i t e s p a ce a n d o f f er s s mo o t h e y e f l ow . _ _ _ _ _ 3 . D e s i g n i nc l u d e s f o cu s . _ _ _ _ _ 4 . C o py i s a li g n e d a n d p r o p e r ly co py - f i t t e d . _ _ _ _ _ 5 . T h e c o p y i s f r e e o f ty p i n g e r r or s , c o n f orms t o t h e A P S t y l e b oo k a n d i s a c cu r a t e , b r i e f a n d c l e a r . A l l n e w s c o py w i l l b e g r a d ed i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e P A D g r a d i n g gu i d e _ _ _ _ _ 6 . A r t w o rk i s p r o p e r ly c r o p p e d a n d s i ze d . _ _ _ _ _ 7 . L a r g e a r e a s o f g r ay a r e e l i mi n a t e d o r b ro k e n u p by a r t or headlines. _ _ _ _ _ 8 . C o n s t a n t s ( f l a g s , f ol i o s , e t c . ) a r e i n p l a c e . _ _ _ _ _ 9 . H e a d l i n e s a r e a p p r op r i a t e . N o t o mb s t o n e s ( b u mp i n g ) . _ _ _ _ _ 1 0 . B o x l i n e s a r e n o t t o o t h i n , t o o t h i c k o r mi s s i n g . _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 . D u mm y s h e e t h a s pr o p e r s y mb o l s a n d di me n s i o n s . _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 . C o p y l og i s c o mp l e t e a n d r e f l e c t s t h e c o n t e n t s o f t h e flat.

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Exercise 3 Inside Feature Page Design & Layout Publication date: Thursday You must produce an inside feature page. Your editor has given you the requirements for Page 10, which includes a personality feature, photo and caption. You must complete a thumbnail sketch, and then you must layout the page using desktop publishing software. You must get your thumbnail sketch approved before you begin the pagination. You must use: • A personality feature of your choice – You may NOT jump this story, but you may cut it to fit. You may set the story at 11.5RR or any non-standard width. (two-, threeor four-column layout) • Corresponding personality feature photo. Scale the photo electronically to fit the layout. Do not stretch the photo. Headline • Use a display headline (See Harrower’s handout) • Consider using a drop headline (Should be opposite weight and ½ size of main headline) Graphic elements • You may use a pulled quote • You may use a drop cap at the beginning of your feature • You may use an information graphic Other important information Save your completed file to your U: drive often throughout the day. You may work from the desktop, but remember to save to U: drive and delete the file from the desktop at the end of the day. Proofread your page thoroughly. Ensure the page is spaced properly and you have the right typefaces for all your text. Final deadline: 1600 In your assignment folder, you must include:



Final Inside Feature page layout (It should be “camera-ready,” which means it’s free of any edit marks and/or errors)

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Photo options of Terrina M. Weatherspoon, a journalism instructor at the Defense Information School here. These are photos of her writing music in her cubicle in Room 2150 and singing in the school’s studio.

001

002

004

003

005

Photo options of Air Force Master Sgt. Dawn M. Harris, a public affairs instructor at the Defense Information School here. These are photos of her teaching a community relations class and displaying her classroom props while in her cubicle in Room 2150.

001

004

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002

005

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This criteria sheet is a guide for you as you develop your assignment. Check beside each criterion after you have fulfilled each necessary element required for excellence. P U B L I C A F F A I RS D E P A R TM E N T D E F E N S E I N F O RM A T I O N S C H O O L

DESI G N & LAYO UT E XER CI SE( S) CRI TE RI A SH EET CHECK _ _ _ _ _ 1 . P a g e f l a t i s c o mp l e t e a n d c a me r a r e a d y . _ _ _ _ _ 2 . D e s i g n h as a b a l a n c e o f d i s p l ay ty p e , b od y ty p e , ar t w o r k a nd w h i t e s p a ce a n d o f f er s s mo o t h e y e f l ow . _ _ _ _ _ 3 . D e s i g n i nc l u d e s f o cu s . _ _ _ _ _ 4 . C o py i s a li g n e d a n d p r o p e r ly co py - f i t t e d . _ _ _ _ _ 5 . T h e c o p y i s f r e e o f ty p i n g e r r or s , c o n f orms t o t h e A P S t y l e b oo k a n d i s a c cu r a t e , b r i e f a n d c l e a r . A l l f e a t u r e c o py w i l l b e g r a d ed i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e P A D g r a d i n g gu i d e _ _ _ _ _ 6 . A r t w o rk i s p r o p e r ly c r o p p e d a n d s i ze d . _ _ _ _ _ 7 . L a r g e a r e a s o f g r ay a r e e l i mi n a t e d o r b ro k e n u p by a r t or headlines. _ _ _ _ _ 8 . C o n s t a n t s ( f l a g s , f ol i o s , e t c . ) a r e i n p l a c e . _ _ _ _ _ 9 . H e a d l i n e s a r e a p p r op r i a t e . N o t o mb s t o n e s ( b u mp i n g ) . _ _ _ _ _ 1 0 . B o x l i n e s a r e n o t t o o t h i n , t o o t h i c k o r mi s s i n g . _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 . D u mm y s h e e t h a s pr o p e r s y mb o l s a n d di me n s i o n s . _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 . C o p y l og i s c o mp l e t e a n d r e f l e c t s t h e c o n t e n t s o f t h e flat.

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Exercise 4 Photo Page Design & Layout Publication date: Thursday You must produce a photo page for the double truck of a newsletter-sized publication. Your assignment will occupy Pages 2 and 3 of the publication. You must complete a planning worksheet, and then you must shoot and select your photos. Finally, you will create a thumbnail sketch and layout the page using desktop publishing software. If you have any questions, ask your instructor. Day 1 7:55 to 10:30 a.m. – Photo Page Layout & Design presentation 10:30 to 11:25 a.m. – Complete planning worksheets & seek instructor approval 12:30 to 4 p.m. – Plan photo page/shoot photos Day 2 7:55 to 9:30 a.m. – Shoot photos 9:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. – Design and layout page 2 p.m. – First draft of page due for coaching Deadline Your final photo page layout is due at 4 p.m. on Day 2. Save your completed file to your U: drive often throughout the day. You may work from the desktop, but remember to save to your U: drive and delete the file from the desktop at the end of the day. Proofread your page thoroughly. Ensure the page is spaced properly and you have the right typefaces for all your text. Turn in your:



Final page layout (it should be “camera-ready,” which means it’s free of any edit marks and/or errors)

  

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Thumbnail sketch Approved photo page planning worksheet Completed photo page checklist

Photo page planning sheet

Instructor approval

A photo page is a type of feature. Just like a feature, a photo page must have a theme or focus. A photo page is not a random collection of photos. What is your story about? Initial one of the following two statements and answer the associated question. 1. I will produce a photo story because … my photos will address a single event that has a chronological order.______ Write a single summary sentence about your story that includes at least the four W’s.

2. I will produce a photo essay because … I will take a collection of photos based on a theme.______ Write a single sentence best describing the theme or focus of your story.

Who is the primary point of contact for this story? (Full ID and telephone number)

What other students will cover this story with you? (No more than four students can work on a specific story. Each student must be from a different section.)

Remember to … • • • •

Begin the theme by developing a visual story line. Think about the actions taking place and how they can be put together on the page to emphasize the theme. Establish a shooting time. Talk to your subject to find out which time of day is usually the most busy. Don’t set up an appointment that will be split by lunch. Give yourself at least an hour. Watch your subjects perform their jobs. Are they constantly looking down? Do they move rapidly? (Think about how you will compensate.) Do they perform enough differing actions? (Remember that every photo on the page needs to be of a different action) Check the lighting conditions in the subject’s area. Pay specific attention to windows, garage doors, reflective surfaces and work uniforms. If your subject wears a white apron/smock or works in front of large windows, you will have to plan how to compensate.

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Photo page checklist To produce a strong photo page, research and planning are important. You may not always have a great deal of time for this step, but you can always use a checklist to help make sure you get the photos you need. For this assignment, use this checklist to ensure you take several types of photos. Remember, your photos should primarily focus on people.

____Long shot The long shot shows the subject and his environment. It shows the scope of the event and where it took place.

____Medium shot The medium shot is used to identify the subject and action that is taking place. It usually shows the subject from the waist up.

____Close-up The close-up gets your readers into a more intimate relationship with the subject. It shows great detail in the face.

____Extreme close-up This photo does not require identification. It focuses on the hands or another interesting detail.

____High angle The high angle photo gives interest to the photo page.

____Low angle The low angle also provides interest to the photo page.

____Horizontal If the action is wider than it is taller, then a horizontal photo is necessary. Strive for variety. If all of your photos are horizontal, you will have a difficult time creating a photo page.

____Vertical If the action is taller than it is wider, then a vertical photo is a must. Strong vertical photos lend interest to a picture page and give you greater flexibility in laying out the page. Again, make sure you have a mix of horizontal and vertical photos.

____Mobility Always be willing to move your position to find the right place to take your photos. You can not stay in one spot to get creative photos. When you first arrive at the location of your photo shoot, scope out some of the best places to stand. Ask your subject what is permissible and what isn’t.

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Photo page instructions Creating a photo page is a systematic process. The next two days will be busy for you. However, they can be fun days that allow you to display your creativity. Here are some guidelines for creating your picture page: Text •You must write a caption for each photo included on the final page. Do not use gang captions. •You can use dummy text for the pagination of the story. You can find the dummy text in the “Photo Page Design & Layout” folder in the “Design Files for BPAS-W (2008)” folder on the “Student on Bart” drive. •Use Bookman OS, 10-point, bold, italic text for your byline. This is an example of how your byline should appear: Story and photos by Sgt. Steven A. Duke

•You are not required to put a photo credit under each photo because you have already stated in your byline that you also took the photos. •Your headline should play off the theme of the page. Avoid using a banner headline that is too small. You may use a label headline for your main headline and a drop headline to support the label headline. Photos •You must have three to four photos on your photo page. •You must have a dominant photo that sets the theme of the page. The dominant photo should be either a person or situation containing strong action and full identification. •You must have at least three of the following photo formats on your page: Long shot, medium shot, close-up and extreme close-up. •You must also have a variety of horizontal and vertical photos. Design •Follow the design guidelines discussed during the lecture. •Use the template “Newsletter Template.p65” found in the “Photo Page Design & Layout” folder in the “Design Files for BPAS-W (2008)” folder on the “Student on Bart” drive.

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•Although you are not required to use a standard column width, your story text should not be too wide or too narrow. Keep your readers’ comfort in mind. •Don’t run too much text and keep text blocks modular. •Give every photo a caption. •Keep interior margins consistent and push the white space to the outside. •Use the “Defined Styles” chart for text format. Exception: You may use an alternative typeface for your headline, but seek coaching from your instructor to ensure it works with your page design.

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Design examples Here you will find seven layout examples for a newsletter-sized double truck layout. These examples give you some basic ideas to begin your own layout. However, these are not the only possibilities. Your layout is only limited by your own creativity. Look at other publications for inspiration. The first step in designing almost anything is to draw a simple sketch of your idea. From there you can begin the layout process. Let your sketch serve as a flexible guide. Of all the pages in a publication, photo pages allow you the greatest degree of creativity.

Example 1

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Example 2

Example 3

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Example 4

Example 5

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Example 6

Example 7

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Creating a thumbnail sketch Lay out your photos or contact sheet in front of you. Select about five to 10 of your best quality photos. Use the boxes below to sketch several layout possibilities. This is your chance to experiment, so don’t get stuck on one idea. Your layout possibilities are endless. Be creative.

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This criteria sheet is a guide for you as you develop your assignment. Check beside each criterion after you have fulfilled each necessary element required for excellence. P U B L I C A F F A I RS D E P A R TM E N T D E F E N S E I N F O RM A T I O N S C H O O L

PH O TO PAG E C RI TERI A SH EET CHECK _ _ _ _ _ 1 . P a g e f l a t i s c o mp l e t e , c a me r a r e a d y an d p u b l i s h a b l e . _ _ _ _ _ 2 . D e s i g n h as a b a l a n ce o f d i s p l ay ty p e , b od y ty p e , ar t w o r k a nd w h i t e s p a ce , a n d o f fe r s s mo o t h e y e f l o w . D e s i g n in c l u d e s f oc u s . _ _ _ _ _ 3 . P a g e r e f l ec t s t h e p r i n c i p l e s o f d e s i g n . _ _ _ _ _ 4 . C o py i s a li g n e d a n d s e t i n a m o d u l a r b l oc k . _ _ _ _ _ 5 . P h o t o s a r e p r o p e r ly c r o p p e d an d s i ze d . _ _ _ _ _ 6 . E a c h ph o t o h a s i t s o w n c a p t i o n wi t h p r o p e r i d e n t i f i c a t i o n a n d r e l e v a n t i n f o r m a t i on . T h e d om i n a n t p h o t o c ap t i o n i n c l u d es t h e f o u r W ’s . _ _ _ _ _ 7 . T h e d o mi n a n t p h o t o c o m mu n i c a t e s t h e t h e m e o f t h e p a g e a n d s h o w s a c ti o n . _ _ _ _ _ 8 . T h e s u b j ec t mu s t b e f u l l y i d en t i f i e d i n a t l e a s t o n e p h o t o . _ _ _ _ _ 9 . T h e m a i n h e a d l i n e is a p p ro p ri a t e a n d re f l e c t s t h e c o n t e n t o f t h e d o mi n a n t p h o t o . _ _ _ _ _ 1 0 . A t l e as t t h r e e o ut o f f o u r p h o t o f o rma t s a r e us e d . _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 . P h o t os a r e t e c h n i c a l l y c o r re c t i n c o m p o s i t i o n , e xp o s u r e , f o c u s a nd f l a s h t e c h n i q u e . P ag e i n c l u d e s t h r e e t o f i v e p h o t o s . _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 . I n t e r i or m a r g i n s a r e c o n s is t e n t . _ _ _ _ _ 1 3 . C on s ta n t s (f l a g s , f o l i o s , e t c . ) a r e i n p l a c e . _ _ _ _ _ 1 4 . B o x l i n e s a r e n ot t o o t h i n , t o o t h i c k o r mi s s i n g .

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Exercise 5 Final Product Publication date: Thursday You must design and lay out a newsletter’s front and back pages. The Defense Information School staff, faculty and students are your readers. Follow this checklist carefully to ensure you complete each part of the assignment correctly. Although the final product is due at 1125 tomorrow, your news story and corresponding photo are due at 1600 today. □ Write a news story and shoot a corresponding photo for use on the front page. (Early Deadline) Your primary instructor must approve your topic. No more than one student from each section can cover the same topic. News peg: _________________________ Source: _____________________ Instructor Approval (initials): _______ Turn in:  Completed/edited story, formatted in 12 pt, Times New Roman, Expanded (1.2), Double-spaced  Corresponding photo, cropped and enhanced, 8” on the longest side, 150dpi (Place in photojournalism assignment folder) □ Prepare stories/photos for the DTP process. You will use your news story and corresponding photo for the front page, but you will also edit your human-interest feature (Feats 2) and/or your auxiliary feature (Feats 4) for use on the back cover of the newsletter. In addition, you may choose to use your feature photo or sports photo as a stand-alone on the back cover with a corresponding catchline and cutline. □ Write headlines. Follow the headline writing guidelines presented throughout the course. Set downstyle, flush left and sans-serif, 18-point minimum, 48 maximum, vary postures and weights. Headlines must cover at least one half of the last column of copy.

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□ Create an appropriate flag for your newsletter. Design and lay out your flag using 4 x 1.5” of space at the top of Page 1. It must include a folio line with the following information: Vol. (Class #), No. (Badge #)

Fort George G. Meade, Md. 20755

Publication date

Include “For instructional purposes only” statement above the flag. □ Use at least one piece of art. The art must be tasteful, professional and relate to a story or the flag. Should be small enough to not overpower the page, but not so small that it is lost. Go to http://office.microsoft.com and click on “Clip Art.” □ Use consistent design styles. You may use the Defined Styles in the DTP Workbook, or you may develop your own style. Consistency is key. You may lay your stories out using two, three or four columns. Justify the news story and used ragged right alignment for features. □ Use jumps sparingly. If there is space left on Page 1 after laying out your news story and photo, then you may start one of your features on the front page. You must place at least three inches of copy before jumping the story. □ Use additional graphic elements if possible. You may use pulled quotes, dropped caps, and/or information boxes or graphics, as appropriate.

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General News Story ORGANIZATION WORKSHEET LEAD ELEMENTS WHO______________________________________________________________________ WHY/HOW________________________________________________________________ WHAT_____________________________________________________________________ WHEN_____________________________________________________________________ WHERE___________________________________________________________________ BRIDGE ELEMENTS – Briefly highlight at least one important “W”. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ BODY – Expand on the lead and bridge; include ALL the information from the data sheet, to include times/places of important events, background details and quotes. 1. ________________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________________________________________ 4. ________________________________________________________________________ 5. ________________________________________________________________________ 6. ________________________________________________________________________ 7. ________________________________________________________________________ 8. ________________________________________________________________________ 9. ________________________________________________________________________ 10. ________________________________________________________________________ 11. ________________________________________________________________________ 12. ________________________________________________________________________ 13. ________________________________________________________________________ 14. ________________________________________________________________________

Have you answered ALL the readers’ questions?

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This criteria sheet is a guide for you as you develop your assignment. Check beside each criterion after you have fulfilled each necessary element required for excellence. P U B L I C A F F A I RS D E P A R TM E N T D E F E N S E I N F O RM A T I O N S C H O O L

DESI G N & LAYO UT E XER CI SE( S) CRI TE RI A SH EET CHECK _ _ _ _ _ 1 . P a g e f l a t i s c o mp l e t e , c a me r a r e a d y an d p u b l i s h a b l e . _ _ _ _ _ 2 . D e s i g n h as a b a l a n ce o f d i s p l ay ty p e , b od y ty p e , ar t w o r k a nd w h i t e s p a ce , a n d o f fe r s s mo o t h e y e f l o w . D e s i g n in c l u d e s f oc u s . _ _ _ _ _ 3 . P a g e r e f l ec t s t h e p r i n c i p l e s o f d e s i g n . _ _ _ _ _ 4 . C o py i s a li g n e d a n d s e t i n a m o d u l a r b l oc k . _ _ _ _ _ 5 . P h o t o s a r e p r o p e r ly c r o p p e d an d s i ze d . _ _ _ _ _ 6 . E a c h p ho t o s h ow s a c t i o n a n d h a s i t s ow n c a p t i o n wi t h p r o p e r i d e n t i f i c a t i o n a n d ot h e r r e l e v a n t i n f o rm a t i o n . _ _ _ _ _ 7 . P h o t os a r e t e c h n i c a l l y c o r re c t i n c o m p o s i t i o n , e xp o s u r e , f o c u s a nd flash technique. _ _ _ _ _ 8 . I n t e r i or m a r g i n s a r e c o n s is t e n t . _ _ _ _ _ 9 . C on s t an t s ( f l a gs , f o l i o s , e t c . ) a r e i n p l a c e . _ _ _ _ _ 1 0 . B o x l i n e s a r e n ot t o o t h i n , t o o t h i c k o r mi s s i n g . _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 . T h e c op y i s f r e e o f t y p i n g e r r o r s , c on f o r ms t o t h e A P S t y l e b oo k a n d i s a c cu r a t e , b r i e f a n d c l e a r . A l l n e w s a n d f e a tu r e c o p y w i l l b e g r a d e d i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e P A D g ra d i n g g u i de . _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 . A r tw or k i s p r o pe r l y c r op p e d a n d s i ze d . _ _ _ _ _ 1 3 . L a r g e a r e a s o f gr a y a r e e l i mi n a t e d o r b r o k e n up by a r t o r headlines. _ _ _ _ _ 1 4 . H e a d li n e s a r e ap p r o p r i a t e . N o t o mb s t o n e s ( b ump i n g ) .

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