Announce m e nts: Te s tRe l e as e 1 is O UT!
H ow To:
Issu e 6
Fe b ru ary, 2007
Ch ange A Ligh ts cribe Labe l Us e De s k top Sh ortcuts Effe ctive l y Spl it(and Re join) A Fil e
h ttp://w w w .pcl in u xos.com
Pare ntalControl
Acq uiring and Instal l ing VMWare
b y ne w m ik e y
U sing Tor Conne ctivity b y Tim M cCorm ack
Lim e w ire /Frostw ire
b y vam pire fo/Tim Rob ins on
U sing Fish b y D aive r Pe de m onte
b y Scoote r
Se tting Static IP Ad d re ss b y Stu m py842
A Tal e O f Too Many D istros b y W ayne W h itm an
Exce ptw h e re oth e rw is e note d, conte ntofth is m agaz ine is l ice ns e d u nde r a Cre ative Com m ons Atrrib u tion- NonCom m e rcial - NoD e rvis 2.5 Lice ns e
From th e De s k of th e Ch ie f E d itor Wel com e to th e Fe bruary 2007 is s ue ofPCLinuxO S M agaz ine . W e 've h ad l ots ofh e l p from pe opl e on th e m ain PCLinuxO S forum and th e re s ul tis a num be r ofe xce l l e nth ow -to articl es.
PCLinuxO S M agaz ine is a com m unity proje ctofM yPCLinuxO S.com to provide an additionalm e ans ofcom m unication to th e PCLinuxO S com m unity.
Th e re is a re vie w and h ow -to on Dans guardian for th os e ofyou w ith ch il dre n w h os e Inte rne t e xpe rie nce you w is h to control . W e h ave an in de pth fol l ow -up to m y s h orth ow -to on us ing Tor to brow s e anonym ous l y. Th e re 's a s te p by s te p tutorialon acq uiring and ins tal l ing VM W are , and m uch m ore .
Proje ctCoordinator: De rrick De vine Publ is h e r: M yPCLinuxO S.com Contact: m ag@ m ypcl inuxos .com
As prom is e d l as tm onth , th is is s ue contains a "tre as ure h unt." Las tm onth w e pl ace d ye l l ow dots w ith l e tte rs in th e m on s om e ofth e graph ics . Th e k e y w as s h ortand m any pe opl e figure d itout e as il y. Th is tim e , th e "k e ys " are l e tte rs , num be rs , punctuation, and h idde n in pl ain s igh tin th e te xtofth e articl e s . Lik e t is . Look for re d ch aracte rs on a ye l l ow back ground. Be aw are th atth e k e y is a ph ras e , nota s ingl e w ord, and m ay contain punctuation and/or s pace s . Note th at NO NE ofth e ch aracte rs on ye l l ow back ground in th is e ditorialare partofth e re alk e y. Re m e m be r th atcapital iz ation is im portant.
Ch ie fEditor: Tim Robins on
h
Re ad th e articl e s , w rite dow n th e k e y ch aracte rs as you find th e m , th e n organiz e th e m into a ph ras e . Th e n vis ith ttp://m ag.m ypcl inuxos .com /h unt/s cript/and e nte r your gue s s . Ifyou gue s s w rong, you m ay try as m any tim e s as you w is h . Th e firs tpe rs on to ge titrigh tw ins a copy of PCLinuxO S p.9 4 from O nDis k .Com . Th e w inne r's s cre e n nam e (onl y) w il lbe announce d in th e M agaz ine 's th re ad on th e m ain forum . W h il e it's al lgre atfun to h untth e k e y and e nte r your gue s s , pl e as e tak e tim e w h il e you are at th e tre as ure s ite to provide us s om e inform ation aboutyours e l f. No pe rs onal l y ide ntifiabl e inform ation is col l e cte d atth e s ite (e xce ptfor your e m ailaddre s s ifyou are th e w inne r). W e ne e d th e inform ation re q ue s te d s o w e can do a be tte r job s e rving th e PCLinuxO S com m unity. Las tl y, no m e m be rs ofth e M agaz ine vol unte e rs and th e ir im m e diate fam il y can join th e h unt. Th ank s .
Se nior Editor: Rodne y Adk ins Editors : Se án Le am y, Ne alBrook s , Joh n
Paxton
Proofre ade rs : Doug W il s on, Se án Le am y, Jan Al l e n, Danny Crane , Guy Tayl e r, Jam e s La Rue , Duane Trude au, Dave Dave , M e e M aw , Jare d Contributors : ne w m ick e y, Tim M cCorm ack , k ol os us , joh ncoom , Scoote r, Stum py 842, W ayne W h itm an, vam pire fo and Tim Robins on, Fe rdi, Daive r Pe de m onte Tre as ure Site : Tim Fie l ding H TM L Code s : Gal en Page Layout& Graph ics : Arch ie Are val o
Late bre ak ing ne w s ! O n January 21, 2007, ve rs ion p .9 4 RC1 w as re l e as e d. Your m agaz ine s taffw as re ady and produce d an Extra e dition in re cord tim e . Th ank s gang. Ne xtm onth 's is s ue (re l e as e d M arch 1, 2007) w il lh ave in de pth re vie w s ofal lth e goodie s , s cre e n s h ots ofth e cool3D graph ics , e xpl anations ofth e ne w m e nu s tructure , and al lth e s coop on th is ge m . Look for ne xtm onth 's is s ue . It'l lbe w orth th e w ait, jus tas PCLinuxO S p .9 4 w as . Tim R obins on
H om e on th e Ne t: h ttp://w w w .pcl inuxos .com /forum s / h ttp://w w w .m ypcl inuxos .com
Annou nce m e nt: PCLinu xO S 20 0 7 Te s t Re l e as e O u t! Te xs tar announce d th e re l e as e ofPCLinuxO S 2007 Te s tRe l e as e 1 on January 21, 2007. Dis cl aim e r -Th is is e xpe rim e ntals oftw are . Us e atyour ow n ris k . PCLinuxO S cannotbe h e l dl iabl e unde r any circum s tance s for dam age to h ardw are or s oftw are , l os tdata, or oth e r dire ctor indire ctdam age re s ul ting from th e us e ofth is s oftw are . Ifyou do notagre e to th e s e te rm s and conditions , you are notpe rm itte d to us e or furth e r dis tribute th is s oftw are .
PCLinu xO S 20 0 7 Te s t R e l e as e 1 PCLinuxO S 2007 Te s tRe l e as e 1 is now avail abl e for dow nl oad. Pl e as e note th is is notth e finalre l e as e . PCLinuxO S 2007 Finalw il lbe re l e as e d atth e e nd ofth e m onth .
Fe ature s incl ude : * K e rne l2.6.18.6-de v3 * K DE 3.5.6 * M oz il l a Fire fox 2.0.0.1 * Fl as h 9 * M oz il l a Th unde rbird 1.5.0.9 * O pe n O ffice 2.1.0 * Xorg 7.1 * Be ryl , Com piz , Aixgland Xglfor 3D graph ics s upport * Gcc 4.1.1 and update d gl ibc * Update d boots pl as h , icons , and m ore from th e m ypcl inuxos .com be autification proje ct. * Xdg M e nu s ys te m * Re buil d and update ofour e ntire re pos itory agains tne w gcc and gl ibc * Sim pl ifie d Live cd bootoptions .
Live cd bootoptions : * Live cd - De faul tbootoptions * Fram buffe r - Bootus ing ge ne ric vide o drive rs (Proprie tary drive rs avail abl e afte r ins tal l ) * Safe - Turns offm os th ardw are probing * M e diach e ck - Te s tth e m e dia to de te rm ine a good burn to cdr * M e m te s t- Te s tyour com pute r m e m ory Ins tal l ation is done th rough th e rootaccount. Login w ith rootas th e us e rnam e and rootas th e pas s w ord th e n cl ick on Ins tal lPCLinuxO S to s tartth e ins tal l e r. H e l p w ith ins tal l ation is al s o avail abl e on th e de k s top. PASS us e rs w il lge ta ne w e m ailon or aboutFe bruary 15th for acce s s to our pre m ium s e rve r. 4-5 publ ic s oftw are m irrors are curre ntl y avail abl e for th is te s tre l e as e .
K now n Is s ue s : *Al s a s om e tim e s give s h arm l e s s w arning ats h utdow n (fixe d w ith k de bas e update from Synaptic) * Synatpic doe s n'tal l ow one to re -ins tal lal re ady ins tal l e d s oftw are * M is s ing s om e w ire l e s s firm w are for various w ire l s s cards . * 3D s upportis s til le xpe rim e ntaland doe s n'tw ork w ith al lvide o cards ye t. * M is s ing a l otofappl ications in th e re pos itory. W e w il lbe adding m ore as tim e al l ow s . * M e nu e ditor ge ts w onk y from tim e to tim e . Th e is o you w antto ge tis cal l edl ive cd.is o
Dow nl oad M irrors : h h h h
ttp://ftp.ch .de bian.org/m irror/pcl inuxos /l ive -cd/e ngl is h /pre vie w / ttp://ftp.h e ane t.ie /pub/pcl inuxos /l ive -cd/e ngl is h /pre vie w / ttp://ftp2.be .fre e s bie .org/pack age s /pcl inuxos /l ive -cd/e ngl is h /pre vie w / ttp://ftp.us s g.iu.e du/l inux/pcl inuxos /pcl inuxos /l ive -cd/e ngl is h /pre vie w /
O th e r m irrors w e re pos te d on h ttp://w w w .pcl inuxos .com /forum /inde x.ph p?topic=15044.m s g119 571#m s g119 571 Pl e as e pos tyour bug re ports h e re , h ttp://w w w .pcl inuxos .com /forum /inde x.ph p?topic=15045.0
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Pare n talCon trol
(or h ow to provid e a s afe com pu te r e n viron m e n t to y ou r ch il d re n ) by new m ick ey
h ave tw o ch ildre n, age d 10 and 11. Both w e re introduce d to th e Inte rne tw h e n th ey e nte re d prim ary s ch ool.As th ey advance d th rough th e grade s th e Inte rne th as ch ange d from a playground into a re s e arch s ource for proje cts , book review s , and te ch nicalinform ation. From th e be ginning, m y w ife and I h ave w onde re d h ow to prote ctour young ch il dre n from th e inh e re ntdange rs
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of th is GlobalCom m unity, and h ow to e ns ure th atth e conte ntavailable to th e m w ould m atch th e ir de gre e of deve lopm e nt. W h e n th ey w e re ve ry young, th e s olution w as e as y. Th e various tw e ak s to s yste m fil e s th ate nable acce s s to onl y a few (up to 10) w e bs ite s w e re e as il y exe cute d and did notne e d to be adjuste d too ofte n. As th e
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ch ildre n grew olde r, th e ir w indow on th e w orl d w ide ne d, and itrapidl y be cam e im pos s ible to lim it th e ir view w ith outdam aging th e ir s ch olastic advance . O ne of th e firstth ings al w ays h as to be to e ducate your k ids , m ak e th e m unde rstand h ow th ey s h ould be h ave and, m ore im portantl y, h ow th ey s h ould de finite l y NO T be h ave . So th ey h ave be e n drill e d on th e standard, a standard you w oul d be s urpris e d to dis cove r notm any pare nts adh e re to. Neve r give aw ay pe rs onalde tails, us e a nick nam e as an e m ailaddre s s , and do notus e your frie nds ' re alnam e s w h e n ch atting or M SN-ing. Ke e p your pas s w ord s e cre t;do notletanyone e lse (eve n your broth e r or s iste r) l og in unde r your nam e e tc, e tc. Th e re is a long l istof ve ry com m on s e ns e rules and th e k ids w il lgladl y fol l ow th e m if th ey unde rstand exactl y w h y.
and taugh tth e m th atth ey s h ould us e Linux if th ey w ante d to go on th e Inte rne t. Th e re fore , W indow s program s lik e Ne tNanny w e re outof th e q ue stion (and expe ns ive ). Bas ing th e prote ction of m y ch ildre n on s om e one e lse 's opinion of righ tand w rong s e e m e d notto coincide w ith our view of l im ite d fre e dom of inform ation, w h e re "l im ite d" is unde rstood to m e an "anyth ing as long as itis notdam aging." So letting th e ISP de cide w h atm y k ids w oul d s e e , w as de finite l y not th e w ay to go e ith e r.
fil te r unw ante d and abus ive conte nt, w h ile notlim iting th e re ach and cre ativity th atch ildre n ne e d to deve lop. I found allk inds of program s for W indow s , ISP's th at offe r s pe cific "k ids " accounts w ith s e rve r-bas e d fil te ring and a few O pe n Source proje cts .
I finall y s e ttled on D ans Guardian, an Inte rne tfil te r th ath as m ultiple w ays to avoid pre s e nting unw ante d conte ntto your k ids . Ith as black l ists and w h ite lists , th ate ith e r com plete l y block or com plete l y allow acce s s to com plete dom ains (w e bs ite s ). Italso filte rs outim age s th atare found to be unfitfor ch il dre n. It h as dictionarie s for s w e ar w ords , dis crim inating ph ras e s , porn, and oth e r cate gorie s . Eve ry w e b page is s canne d for th e s e w ords , be fore itis re nde re d on th e s cre e n. If one of th e s e "forbidde n" w ords is found, th e page is re place d by a m e s s age th atstate s th atth e page is unavailable. Th is te ch niq ue is also call e d "dynam ic conte ntfilte ring".
Its o h appe ns th atfrom th e be ginning I dis abled acce s s to th e ne tw ork card in W indow s (h ardw are m anage r)
W h atim pre s s e d m e m ost, h ow eve r, is th e ability of D ans Guardian to appl y a w e igh te d com bination of
Th atis w h y, e arly in 2005, I starte d look ing atw ays to
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w ords and m ak e th e re s ulting s core de cide w h e th e r or notto bl ock a page . W h atdoe s th is m e an in practice ? W e ll , let's justs ay you do notw antyour ch ildre n to h ave acce s s to page s th atcontain s exuall y explicit storie s or picture s . H ow doe s one preve ntth at? Now adays , Googl ing on a s ubje ctlik e Barbie , or pus s ycat, w illl and you one re s ultaboutth e fam ous dollor an adorable fe l ine , and th ous ands of re fe rrals to w e bs ite s th atw ould m ak e anyone blus h . So putth e w ord "s ex" in th e l istof forbidde n w ords ? Th atm ay s ound lik e an e as y s olution, but, itw illalso block s ite s l ik e s pe cialch ildre n's e ncyclope dia, s ch ool biology l ab, and nationalh e al th de partm e nt, w h e re inform ation is offe re d abouts ex on a l eve land in a w ay th atis s pe cial l y targe te d atand de s igne d for a h e alth y s ex e ducation. Th e be auty of D ans Guardian is th atitoffe rs a w ay outof th is dil e m m a. D ans Guardian all ow s th e s ch oolbiol ogy lab to e ducate , national h e alth de partm e ntto w arn and inform , and th e e ncycl ope dia to offe r its conte ntby com paring a total s core of w ords found, to a m axim um s e tby th e pare nt. Th e s core can be incre as e d by w ords or com binations of w ords , butalso de cre as e d by oth e r w ords . So, just as an exam pl e , th e w ord "s ex" w ould add 10 points to th e totals core , butth e com bination of th e w ords "h e al th " and "ch ildbirth " w ould tak e 10 points off th e s core . Th e w h ole page is s canne d th is w ay for s eve ral
diffe re ntcate gorie s of obje ctionabl e conte nt, and if th e re s ulting totalis ove r a ce rtain m inim um , th e page is block e d.
I h e ar you s ay, "m y k id is s o s m art, h e w il lfind a w ay to circum ve ntth is lim itation in no tim e !" I can give you atleasts om e re as s urance , m y 10 ye ar ol d s on is com pute r-s m art, Linux-s m artand te ch nicall y s avvy. H e h as give n up trying. I am s ure h e w illprobabl y bre ak D ans Guardian by th e tim e h e is 18, butby th e n, I s h ouldn'tbe trying to l im ith is acce s s anyw ay. Is D ans guardian, alone and by its e l f, capable e nough to m ak e s ure no acce s s is allow e d th rough oth e r m e ans ?No, you ne e d a m e ch anis m th atm ak e s s ure al l Inte rne tacce s s is route d th rough D ans Guardian,
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re gardles s of th e brow s e r type or s e ttings . Th e s olution to th atis to us e D ans Guardian in com bination w ith Sq uid, as a s o-call e d "trans pare ntproxy". Th is w ill force eve ry atte m ptto s e nd or re ce ive conte ntove r com pute r port80 (th e h ttp protocol), th rough D ans Guardian's neve r-s lee ping w ord filte r. W il lyou h ave no w ork atallafte r th at?I w ould neve r advis e anyone to total l yl e ave th e prote ction of th e ir k ids to a pie ce of s oftw are . I te nd to review th e log fil e s D ans Guardian cre ate s once in a w h ile, notto "s py" on th e k ids , butto m ak e s ure noth ing is am is s , fil te ring is ade q uate , and th e "page -s core " is adjuste d up or dow n w h e n ne ce s s ary. I al s o s pe nd a lotof tim e w ith th e m on th e PC, te ach ing th e m h ow to s e arch , w h atto look for, and h ow to m ak e s ure inform ation re trieve d is re liable. Is ite as y to installth e above com bo?No, atl e astit w as n'tfor m e . Ittook m e h ours , no, nigh ts of puzzling and re ading on w e bs ite s to ge tits e tup th e corre ctw ay. I h ope th atth e follow ing re cipe w illall ow you to "cook " your k ids a w onde rfuls e rving w ith les s e ffort. Th ey w illappre ciate th e exte nde d re ach you w illbe all ow ing th e m and you w il le njoy th e fe e ling th atyour k ids are prote cte d. Th e re cipe calls for good q uality, fre s h ingre die nts . Itis th e re fore advis e d th atyou us e PCLinuxO S!
R e cipe : Tak e 1 ripe PCLO S instal lation, and add: a ge ne rous portion of w e llm arinate d s w ap (2GB), a s niff of gam e s to taste , tw o te as poons of e ducationalpack age s , rpm 's to taste . Stir s low l y, bring to a boilon a m e dium h e atand... M ak e s ure your Synaptic is s e as one d w ith th e re q uire d pack age s , you ne e d th e re gular re pos itory and a s e parate re pos itory call e d Th ac, afte r its founde r, for th e W e bm in pack age . For inform ation on h ow to add Th ac as a pack age s ource , look h e re : h ttp://w w w .pclinuxos.com /forum /index.ph p?topic=5605.0 W AR NING: While the Thac repository is enabled, install ONLY the Webmin package. After it is disabled, install the other packages.
Add th e follow ing pack age s th atare availabl e from Synaptic (k e e p stirring constantl y): 1. D ans guardian 2. Sq uid 3. pe rl-Com pre s s -Z l ib 4. IpTables
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Now low e r th e flam e and dow nl oad th e follow ing pack age : dg-0.5.10-pr4.w bm (D ans guardian w e bm in m odule) from h ttp://s ource forge .ne t/proje cts /dgw e bm inm odule/ According to th e instructions found at: h ttp://s oftw are .new s forge .com /article.pl?sid=04/06/23/ 1521209 & tid=9 2& tid=2& tid=27& tid=13& tid=31 Edit(as root) /e tc/s q uid/s q uid.conf and add if ne e de d: http_port 127.0.0.1:3128 httpd_accel_host virtual httpd_accel_port 80 httpd_accel_with_proxy on httpd_accel_uses_host_header on cache_effective_user squid cache_effective_group squid
Edit(as root) /e tc/dans guardian/dans guardian.conf and add if ne e de d: reportinglevel = 3 filterip = 127.0.0.1 filterport = 8080 proxyip = 127.0.0.1 proxyport = 3128 daemonuser = 'squid'
daemongroup = 'squid'
Add (as root) th e follow ing line s to /e tc/rc.d/rc.local: iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -dport 80 -m owner --uid-owner squid j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -dport 3128 -m owner --uid-owner squid -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -dport 80 -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8080 iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -dport 3128 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8080
StartPCLinuxO S ControlCe nte r (PCC) and navigate to Syste m Se rvice s 1. Se tSq uid to startatboot 2. Se tD ans guardian to startatboot 3. D is able Sh orew all 4. Se tW e bm in to startatboot 5. Se tIptables to startatboot If you do notw is h to turn off Sh orew al l(firew al l), th e n you ne e d to add th e above 5 l ine s (th atstartw ith "iptables ") to /e tc/s h orew all/startand
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/e tc/s h orew al l/stop, justin cas e you h ave to stop Sh orew allfor s om e re as on, your filte rs w illcontinue running. M ak e s ure your PC h as a s o-call e d "h ostnam e ", oth e rw is e th e various ingre die nts of th is re cipe w il l notlead to a s atis factory re s ultand leave a bad taste . You can s e tth e "h ostnam e " by ope ning th e PCLinuxO S ControlCe nte r and e nte r th e tab "Ne tw ork ing", s e ction "Configure D NS s e ttings ." Se t a q ual ifie d h ostnam e . You can inve nts om e th ing fancy but"m ypc.m yne tw ork .ne t" w il ldo fine for now .
In orde r to m ak e th is dis h look m ore re fine d, garnis h w ith a Konq ue ror D e s k top link to th e D ans Guardian m odule of W e bm in by us ing th is UR L: https://localhost:10000/dansguardian
You can now installth e D ans Guardian-w e bm inm odule in W e bm in by s urfing to https://localhost:10000/webmin/edit_mods.cgi
and ch oos ing "Instal lm odul e from l ocalfile." Pointat th e m odul e you dow nl oade d (probabl y on your de s k top) and cl ick "Instal lM odule."
s o th atyou can exam ine logfiles and ch ange s e ttings (as rootof cours e !) You m ay ne e d to adjustth e "forbidde n" w ords l ists and s core s , de pe nding on w h e re you live . I find th e standard s e ttings m uch too "prudis h " for a Europe an taste . O n th e oth e r h and, I ne e de d to re inforce prote ction in oth e r cate gorie s . You can e ith e r acce s s D ans Guardians s e ttings th rough th e W e bm in m odule or e ditth e m w ith any texte ditor lik e K w rite , K ate or Ke dit. You w illfind al lof th e black lists , w h ite lists , and w e igh te d w ords in s eve ral language s in /e tc/dans guardian. D o re m e m be r th atyou h ave to re startth e s e rvice s ,
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afte r any e ditof a D ans Guardian fil e , in orde r for th e ch ange s to tak e e ffe ct. Th is could be done in a te rm inal,as s upe rus e r:
and your localculturalh abits . I w is h you and your ch ildre n a h e alth y, h appy and s afe 2007.
/etc/rc.d/init.d/squid restart /etc/rc.d/init.d/dansguardian restart /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables restart
or from th e D ans Guardian w e bm in m odule in your favorite brow s e r w ith th e UR L https://localhost:10000 (Note th e extra "s " afte r h ttp. Itindicate s a s e cure conne ction). H ave a look ats om e w e bs ite s , good and bad. Note w h e n you are block e d w h e n you s h ouldn'tbe or not block e d w h e n you s h oul d be . Now h ave a look atth e logfiles .
Got any GREAT ide as for a PCLinuxO S proje ct? Pe opl e are natural l y cre ative and im aginative . W e com e up w ith outrage ous , practical , s il l y, fe as ibl e , and m aybe uniq ue ide as . Th e re 's a pl ace for you at M yPCLinuxO S .com . M any gre at proje cts s tarte d w ith a s m al l s te p, and w ith a bit of de dication and w ork , w e can m ak e a dre am com e true .
Th ey w ills h ow you th e exactw ords core s th atled to th e above re s ults . I found th atincre as ing th e block ing th re s h old gotrid of a l otof false re s ul ts . You w ills oon find th e pe rfe ctcom bination for your ch ildre n's age
Los t for one ?O r your ide a w as tak e n? No probl e m . Th e re are s e ve ralongoing proje cts at M yPCLinuxO S .com . Join one of th e m , and be a part of a te am th at "give s s om e th ing back "to PCLinuxO S .
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U s in g Tor Con n e ctivity (An on y m ou s Brow s in g E d ition ) by Tim M cCorm ack
Re printe d w ith pe rm is s ion ofth e auth or h ttp://w w w .brainonfire .ne t/2006/10/21/tor-be s t-practice s anonym ous -brow s ing/
or is a popular s yste m for s e nding Inte rne t traffic anonym ous l y. Itis m ainl y us e d for th re e purpos e s : h iding one 's ide ntity, h iding th e ide ntity of th e s ite one is vis iting, and h iding th e data th atone is s e nding and re ce iving. H ow eve r, us ing Tor w ith outs om e bas ic pre cautions is w ors e th an not us ing Tor atall , leading to privacy violations , data th e ft, and s e curity conce rns . H e re , I cove r brow s e r s e curity w ith re s pe ctto preve nting ide ntity and data
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leak age w h e n us ing th e Tor ne tw ork . If you are onl y us ing itto de fe atw e b filte ring, fe e lfre e to re ad onl y th e s e ction called "Lock ing yours e lf dow n." Atth e e nd is an exe cutive s um m ary. Us e itas a guide line , butm ak e s ure to re ad th is e ntire article first -- itcontains im portantinstructions on h ow to ch ange your brow s ing h abits .
S e cu rity is a m ind s e t Anonym ity, s e curity, and privacy are notall-ornoth ing. Each is a continuum , and th e goalof th e
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s e curity-cons cious individualis to m ove a re as onable distance tow ards th e s e cure e nd of th e s pe ctrum . H ow far an individualde cide s to go de pe nds on th e s pe cific circum stance s : th e im portance of th e data or ide ntity be ing prote cte d, th e cons e q ue nce s of a bre ach , th e lik e lih ood of an attack , th e re s ource s of th e attack e r, and th e re s ource s of th e individual.In th is guide I am conce ntrating on de fe ating autom ate d attack s by a cas ualattack e r. Anyth ing beyond th atlik e l y falls outs ide of th e re al m of Tor s e curity, and m ore into th e re alm of appl ication, data, and ph ys icals e curity. Be s ide s , itw ould be s il l y to putin pl ace any s e curity m e as ure s m ore robustth an Tor its e lf -- re m e m be r th at Tor is expe rim e ntals oftw are . I w illfirstdis cus s th e Tor th re atm ode l,and onl y th e n provide s ugge stions as to h ow to al leviate th re ats . You ne e d to unde rstand th e s yste m you are us ing be fore you can re all y re l y on it, oth e rw is e you w illdeve lop a false s e ns e of s e curity. So h ang in th e re .
W h at y ou ne e d to k now ab ou t Tor Tor us e s a cl ie nt-pe e r m ode l.Th e clie ntis w h atyou installon your com pute r. Itacce pts conne ctions from oth e r program s on your com pute r (s uch as w e b page
re q ue sts from your brow s e r) and s e nds th e data outto th e Tor ne tw ork . (Any re s pons e s also com e back th rough th e Tor clie nt.) Note th atth e Tor clie ntis datablind, m e aning th atitdoe s notch e ck th e data flow ing th rough itfor pote ntialide ntity leak s or m alw are . Any program th atw ants to us e th e Tor ne tw ork h as to be configure d to do s o.
S im pl y ins tal l ing th e Tor cl ie n t is not e nou gh Each of th e pe e rs is a com pute r lik e your ow n, but running an extra partof Tor: th e s e rve r. Th e s e com pute rs are re fe rre d to as "node s " or "onion route rs ", and your data fl ow s th rough th e m . W h e n data leave s th e Tor clie nt, itpas s e s th rough a random l y pre de te rm ine d ch ain of th e s e node s . D ue to th e Tor algorith m s , e ach node onl y k now s w h o is im m e diate l y be fore and afte r itin th e ch ain. O nl y th e firstone k now s w h o you are , and onl y th e l astone k now s w h e re your data is going. O nl y th e l astone (th e "exitnode ") can re ad th e data you are s e nding out. Note th atitcan also alte r th e data you are s e nding and re ce iving. Th e re fore , th e trustw orth ine s s of th e w e bs ite s you contactis notre levant, s ince th e data you and th ey s e nd h as to pas s th rough an untruste d th ird party.
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Th re at m od e l Attack s can be launch e d againstth e Tor ne tw ork its e lf, s uch as tim ing attack s , butw e 're notconce rne d about th ath e re . Th e goalis to s e cure th e data th atis flow ing th rough th e pipe s , and letth e Tor program m e rs s e cure th e pipe s th e m s e l ve s . H e re are th e th re ats you ne e d to be conce rne d about: * Pe rs onall y ide ntifiabl e inform ation (PII) th atyou s e nd out, * Code s e ntto you th atw illreve alyour ide ntity from ins ide Tor, and * Code s e ntto you th atw illreve alyour ide ntity from outs ide Tor.
Lock ing d ow n Fire fox M ak e s ure you h ave th e late ststable ve rs ion of M ozilla Fire fox instal led. O lde r ve rs ions h ave k now n s e curity h oles . For s eve ralre as ons , you s h ould cre ate anoth e r Fire fox account. (Anoth e r re as on is to k e e p you m indfulof w h e n you are us ing Tor and w h e n you are not.) Th e be stw ay of doing th is is to cre ate anoth e r us e r on your
com pute r s pe cificall y for Tor brow s ing. If you can'tdo th at, learn h ow to us e th e Fire fox profile m anage r. Th e re stof th e s e instructions w illas s um e you are us ing th atnew Fire fox account.
Lock ing y ou rs e l f d ow n Ultim ate l y, you are th e w e ak e stl ink in th e ch ain of s e curity. H e re 's th e prope r m inds e tfor brow s ing th rough Tor: As s um e th atth e UR Ls of th e page s you as k for and any data you s e nd or re ce ive is be ing broadcastto th e e ntire w orld. As s um e th atth e exit node h as s e cre tl y alte re d th e page you are look ing at, or eve n alte re d your re q ue stto s e cre tl y go to a diffe re ntw e bs ite . Since th e data you s e nd and re ce ive can be alte re d and re ad by an untruste d th ird party, h ow can you do anyth ing atall ?Th e re 's one trick th at w illde fe ata m alicious exitnode : SSL. W h e n a page 's UR Lbe gins w ith h ttps ://, th atm e ans th atSSLis in e ffe ct. SSLpreve nts th e exitnode from re ading th e data going back and forth or al te ring it. (Itcan onl y s e e th re e th ings : th e s ite you are talking to, th e tim ing of th e data, and th e s ize of th e data.) If you vis ita s ite and th e brow s e r te lls you th atth e SSLce rtificate m ay be invalid, don'ttrustit! If th e re is any doubtaboutth e auth e nticity of th e SSLce rtificate , pre te nd th e s ite is notus ing SSLatall,and actaccordingl y.
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Th is m e ans neve r log in to a s ite if th e login doe s not us e SSL. O th e rw is e , your pas s w ord w il lbe stol e n. Justto be on th e s afe s ide , turn on w arnings for s e cure and ins e cure s ite s . Atth e Fire fox configuration UR L (type about:config into th e addre s s bar and pre s s Ente r), find th e k eys be ginning w ith security.warn_. Se tal lof th e m to true, exce pt for th e one s e nding in .show_once, w h ich s h ould be s e tto false. Th e n s e t security.warn_entering_secure to false -- you re all y don'tne e d to be alerte d to th at. I re com m e nd instal l ing a th e m e from m ozil l a.org th at is s om ew h atdiffe re ntfrom your us ualth e m e . Th is w illh e lp you re m e m be r th atyou are us ing Tor (and s h ould th e re fore brow s e de fe ns ive l y.) Additional l y, if you are us ing Tor for anonym ity... don'ts e nd any inform ation th atcan ide ntify you. D on't us e your re alnam e or e m ailaddre s s , for instance .
K e e ping PII ou t of th e d ata Now th atyou h ave a cl e an s late to w ork from , l e t's m ak e s ure itdoe s n'tge tdirtie d up. In Fire fox, ope n th e Pre fe re nce s w indow (M ac: Firefox> Preferences, Linux: Edit-> Preferences,
W indow s : Tools-> Options.) W e bs ite s are allow e d to store bits of inform ation (called "cook ie s ") on your com pute r, s o th ey k now w h o you are w h e n you com e back . Th is is gre atfor re gular brow s ing, butnotw h e n you w antto dis s ociate from your re alide ntity. (A w e bs ite m igh tnotice th at your re alide ntity and Tor ide ntity are us ing th e s am e cook ie , m e aning you're th e s am e pe rs on.) Since you've alre ady cre ate d a new Fire fox account, you w on'tne e d to w orry aboutcros s ove r. H ow eve r, you do h ave to w orry aboutcros s -s ite cook ie s . Unde r Pre fe re nce s > Privacy-> Cook ie s , al low cook ie s for th e originating w e bs ite onl y, and h ave th e m k e ptonl y untilFire fox is clos e d. You m ay w is h to dis able cook ie s altoge th e r, and us e th e Exce ptions button to al low s pe cific s ite s .
R e m ove inte rnall e ak s Le ak s w ith in th e Tor ch anne lare ge ne ral l y caus e d by plugin te ch nologie s s uch as Java and Flas h . Th e s e can s h are inform ation aboutyou acros s s ite s , and m ore im portantl y th ey k now your re alIP addre s s and can com m unicate th is back to th e ir h om e s e rve r. Instal lth e follow ing exte ns ions from m ozil la.org: * Fl as h Block : Block s Flas h obje cts by de faul t.
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* NoScript: Block javas criptand plugins , allow s e lective l y. In th e NoScriptoptions , dis allow eve ryth ing (for now ). D is abling Java h e re is e q uival e nt to dis abling Java in th e Fire fox Pre fe re nce s w indow .
R e m ove e xte rnall e ak s W e bpage re q ue sts are notth e onl y data th atar e s e nt outw h e n you vis ita UR L. Your brow s e r also h as to de te rm ine w h atth e IP addre s s of th e s e rve r is , a proce s s cal led D NS re s olution. To force D NS re q ue sts into th e Tor ch anne l,vis itth e s pe cialUR L about:config and find th e k ey network.proxy.socks_remote_dns. Se titto true.
S u m m ary (I s ure h ope you re ad al lth e stuff above th is and didn't justs k ip dow n h e re righ taw ay.) 1. Cre ate a new Fire fox account(us e th e profile m anage r or a new us e r accountin your O S) 2. As s um e s om e one is m al icious l y re ading and alte ring eve ryth ing nots e ntth rough an h ttps :// conne ction w ith a good ce rtificate .
3. In about:config, turn th e security.warn_* alerts on, and th e one -tim e options off. 4. Se tth e about:config prope rty network.proxy.socks_remote_dns to true. 5. Us e a diffe re ntFire fox th e m e . 6. Allow cook ie s for th e originating s ite , and onl y untilFire fox is clos e d. You m igh tturn cook ie s off. 7. Installth e Flas h Bl ock and NoScriptexte ns ions , and configure th e m to dis allow eve ryth ing. O h , and now w ould be a good tim e to installth e TorButton exte ns ion, configure itto dis play th e w ay you lik e , and turn iton. O nce you've done th at, go to Preferences-> Privacy and us e th e Clear Private Data tool. Th is s e tof guide l ine s is notcom plete , butfol low ing it w illprobabl y putyou ah e ad of th e m ajority of Tor us e rs . Arm e d w ith s om e k now ledge of h ow th e Tor ne tw ork functions , you w il lbe able to m ak e be tte r ch oice s . Safe brow s ing!
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H ow To Ch an ge A Ligh ts crib e Lab e l by k olos us h is article as s um e s th atyou h ave th e Sim pleLabe ler program install e d on your com pute r and k now h ow to ope n it.
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O nce Sim pl e Labe l e r is ope ne d, you are give n a s am ple of th um bnails to ch os e from . Cl ick th e lastone (you could us e any oth e r one , butfor th is exam ple & for conve nie nce w e w il l us e th e l astone ) nam e d 'Good Sports '. Click on 'Next'. Th e program w ills h ow 'Ge ne rating Preview ' and th e n th e preview w illbe s h ow n. D o notburn th e l abe l! Th is is your te m pl ate . Itw ills h ow you h ow th e 'Good Sports ' te m pl ate l ook s .
Go to fol de r: /opt/lightscribeApplicat ions/SimpleLabeler/conte nt/images/borders/fullsi ze Th atis th e fol de r Sim pleLabe ler is install e d to by de faul t. Th e re you w illfind an im age nam e d 'fs 00008.png'. O pe n it. I us e d KolourPaint, butyou could us e any program you w ant. I'm notfam il iar w ith Gim p. Itis justove rk illfor w h atI h ad in m ind. O nce ope ne d, you w ills e e th e labe l
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layout. You w il lprobabl y h ave to zoom outto s e e th e im age prope rl y. H e re you can place any im age th atyou w ant. I ins e rte d th e PCLinuxO S logo. Going back and forth to th e Sim pleLabe l e r program and to your im age m anipul ator program , you can l ay outyour labe lth e w ay you w antit. Th e onl y lim its are your im agination and th e program you are us ing. O nce you h ave th e layoutth e w ay you w is h , e ras e th e de faul tborde rs th atcom e w ith th e te m pl ate (unles s you w antth e m to stay). Conve rtth e im age to greys cale, if your labe lis in color. Th is im prove s th e labe ling contrastgre atl y. Save th e im age in your /home folde r as "fs00008.png". Now com e s th e partw h e re w e trick Sim pleLabe l e r. Re nam e th e originalfil e 'fs00008.png' to s om e th ing lik e 'fs00008.bak'. Place th e labe lth at you cre ate d in th e fol de r /opt/lightscribeApplications/Simple Labeler/content/images/borders/full size. Itw illtak e th e place of th e originallabe l. Go back to Sim pl e Labe l e r and do th e l abe ls e lection proce s s again. Be s ure to s e lectth e 'Good Sports ' th um bnail.Th is tim e w h e n its h ow s you th e ge ne rate d
preview , its h ould be of th e labe lyou cre ate d. Viola!! Burn it! If th e preview is notof th e labe lyou cre ate d, th e n th e re w as a problem . Re trace your ste ps . Itis q uite pos s ible th e contrastof th e firstburn of th e labe lm ay notbe to your lik ing. Th e dye us e d on your m e dia and th e inte ns ity (and age ) of your burne r are us uall y th e caus e . If you do s ucce s s ive burns you m igh tw antto re m ove any text, as oth e rw is e th ey w ould be dark e ne d too and th e contrastof th e im age w illalw ays be trying to catch up to a m oving targe t. O n s ucce s s ive burns th e im age s s h ould align pe rfe ctl y. Th ey did for m e and I've done m any. I'm s ure Se bastian w ills oon add Ligh tScribe s upport righ tinto K 3B. Tillth e n w e h ave Sim pleLabe ler.
Are you a h appy PCLinuxO S us e r?W oul d you h e l p m ak e PCLinuxO S be tte r?
Adve rtis e m e nt:
Cons ide r a
DO NATIO N http://www.pclinuxos.com/page.php?1
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U s in g D e s k top Sh ortcu ts E ffe ctive l y by joh ncoom
om e applications de faul tto s aving th e ir files to th e de s k top. Th e re 's noth ing te ch nicall y w rong w ith storing files th e re , butafte r a w h ile, your de s k top w illbe com e clutte re d w ith files th atyou probabl y don'tne e d to acce s s al lth e tim e . H e re is a tip/trick th atyou can us e to avoid th e problem s as s ociate d w ith s aving to th e de s k top. It m ak e s ite as y to find your fil e s , and re q uire s justone extra click to acce s s th e m .
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Create New > Folder. Type "Text" or w h ateve r nam e you w is h (w ith outth e q uote s ) and click O K . Th is cre ate s an e m pty fol de r in your h om e dire ctory. Now clos e th is w indow s o you are back atyour norm al de s k top. R igh tclick on a bl ank partof th e s cre e n and s e lectCreate New > Link to Location (ignore th atitalso h as UR L). In th e low e r s e ction at th e far righ t, click th e l ittle icon for O pe n File D ialog and th e n click on th e folde r th atyou justm ade . Th e n click on O K .
First, ope n th e H om e dire ctory - "H om e " icon on th e de s k top or "Pe rs onalFiles " icon on th e k ick bar (in W indow s it's cal led th e tas k bar). Next, righ tcl ick on a blank are a of th e w indow th atope ns and s e lect
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You can now putany existing textfiles th atyou m ay h ave on your de s k top in th is new folde r. And w h e n you us e your texte ditor, you putth e m in th is new text folde r (its onl y one m ore click ). W h e n you w antto acce s s a textfil e , it's justone cl ick extra to ope n th e textfol de r from your de s k top. D oing th ings th is w ay h as s eve raladvantage s (1) Itdoe s notclutte r your de s k top (2) You can m ak e s im ilar folde rs and de s k top s h ortcuts to fol de rs for oth e r th ings For exam ple, I m ade th e s e fol de rs : PD F, ISO , PIC, H TM L, M us ic, and D ow nl oad. You can cre ate w h ateve r you w ant, and ge tto your folde rs w ith one click from your de s k top. Now , if you cre ate d s eve rals uch folde rs , pe rh aps you've notice d th atth ey al lh ave th e s am e icon. D istinguis h ing th e m w ould be e as ie r if th ey e ach h ad an icon th atindicate d w h attype of file you store th e re . To ch ange an Icon, righ tclick on your de s k top s h ortcutand s e lectPrope rtie s . Th e n, w h ile in th e Ge ne raltab of th e dialog box th atope ns , leftclick on th e dis playe d icon s ym bol,and th e "Se lectIcon" w indow w illope n for you.
Attop leftth e Syste m Icons w illbe s e lecte d and al so atth e top righ tth e re w illbe a button w ith Applications w ritte n on it. You s h ould ch ange th is to Files yste m s as s h ow n above (click th e dow n arrow ), and now you w ills e e various icons in th e w indow . Click on th e one you w antto us e for th ats h ortcut, and you w illbe back atth e Prope rtie s for th aticon. Click O K. Th atis it, you justch ange d th e icon for th atde s k top s h ortcut.
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Lim e w ire /Fros tw ire by Scoote r
Found on m ain PCLinuxO S forum at: h ttp://w w w .pcl inuxos .com /forum /inde x.ph p?topic=13742
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us e Frostw ire , and it's indistinguis h able from Lim ew ire exce ptfor th e col or s ch e m e .
If you ch oos e to us e it, you w illne e d to corre cta s m all bug in Frostw ire 4.10 . Th e s e rve r listitus e s is outd ate d /w rong. You w illfind th atth e conne ction indicator atth e bottom l e ftw ills ay "Starting conne ction...", and itw illneve r conne ct. To corre ct th is , us e th is fix from th e Frostw ire forum s : For ful l pos ts e e :
http://www.frostwire.com/forum/view topic.php?t=678&highlight=starting+ connection 1. D ow nload and installFrostw ire from Synaptic. 2. Le ave Frostw ire CLO SED . Go to your K M e nu, s e lectFind > Files and type in ".frostwire" (w ith a d otin front– no q uote s ). Look for a fil e cal led Gnutella.net w ith a "~" in th e nam e - th is is a back up file, de lete th is . Th e n ope n th e oth e r Gnute lla.ne tfile w ith K W rite . H igh ligh tand de lete eve ryth ing in th e file, butleave K W rite ope n.
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3. Go to th is link :
Pl e a for H e l p
http://mc3.electronicbox.net/gnutell a.net
Th e PCLinuxO S H ardw are Databas e proje ctne e ds your h e l p. For th os e w h o m ay notk now , th is databas e is be ing de ve l ope d to m ak e ite as ie r for PCLO S us e rs to de te rm ine in advance h ow w e l la pie ce ofh ardw are w ork s w ith PCLO S. Ittak e s a l otofw ork to s ort th rough al lth e pos s ibl e h ardw are and de ve l op s uch a w e al th ofinform ation into us abl e form .
Th is w illgive you a l ong listof s e rve rs . Copy and paste th is l istinto th e Gnute lla.ne tfil e , s ave it, and ans w e r “Ye s ” if you are as k e d if you w antto ove rw rite th e file. 4. Your Frostw ire conne ction s h ould now be exce llent. Re m e m be r to ch e ck your UPnP and port forw arding s e ttings w ith your firew al l/route r, if you us e one , to m ak e s ure th e ports are fre e . 5. StartFrostw ire . Enjoy!!
* Cus tom e r: "H i, I w as w onde ring ifyou coul d fix m y l aptop. It's unde r w arranty." * Te ch Support: "W h ats e e m s to be th e troubl e w ith it?" * Cus tom e r: "M y w ife gotm ad and th re w itin th e pool ." A m an purch as e d a l aptop. H e cal l e d abouta w e e k l ate r and s aid th atitw oul d no l onge r bootup. H e brough titin, and it w as dis cove re d th ats ixte e n nice l y dril l e d h ol e s w e re in th e bottom ofth e cas e . W h e n as k e d aboutit, h e s aid th e m ach ine w as too h ots itting on h is l ap, s o h e h ad dril l ed th e s e "air h ol e s ."
Jm iah m an pos te d re ce ntl y th ath e w as notre ce iving m uch inform ation from th e com m unity. Pl e as e tak e a m om e ntand vis itth e s ite and provide w h at inform ation you can re garding your h ardw are . W e al l w il lbe ne fitin th e l ong run. Th ank you.
O ne day a cus tom e r cal l e d com pl aining th ath e jus tre ce ive d h is com pute r, butitw on'tturn on. W h e n h e firs tpus h e d th e pow e r button, th e s cre e n fl as h e d and th e n e ve ryth ing die d. I coul dn'tdo m uch ove r th e ph one , s o I w e ntto th e cus tom e r's office . Itw as pl ugge d in, e ve ryth ing w as h ook e d up ok , but, s ure e nough , it re fus e d to turn on. I de cide d to tak e itback and prom is e d to de l ive r a ne w one as s oon as pos s ibl e . Butw h e n I w e ntto pick itup, I coul dn't. Fe arfulofth ie ve s , th e m an h ad fire d s om e 24 inch bol ts s traigh t th rough th e box, th rough th e h ard drive , m oth e rboard, e ve ryth ing, l ock ing itto h is de s k . "O h ," h e s aid, "I th ough titw as jus tth e TVpartth atw as im portant. W il lm y w arranty cove r th is ?"
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Se ttin g Static IP Ad d re ss O n You r Ne tw ork by Stum py842
fte r re ading th e articl e "H ow to Se tup a Printe r in a W indow s W ork group" in th e D e ce m be r is s ue of PCLinuxO S M agazine , I w ould l ik e to addre s s an additionalcons ide ration. M ostW indow s m ach ine s in a typicalh om e ne tw ork (th atis , s eve rals yste m s conne cte d to a route r/Inte rne t gatew ay) w illbe s e tto us e D H CP to obtain an IP addre s s on th e ne tw ork autom aticall y. Th is is th e de faul tfor W indow s unl e s s ch ange d by th e adm inistrator. Unfortunate l y, th is m e ans th ate ach tim e a particular m ach ine is boote d up itw il lpos s ibl y ge ta diffe re ntIP addre s s , de pe nding on h ow m any oth e r m ach ine s are alre ady as s igne d on th e ne tw ork . Th e s ol ution is to us e static IP addre s s e s for allth e
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m ach ine s on your ne tw ork . H ow eve r, trying to s e tup W indow s to us e static IP addre s s ing is ofte n a h itor m is s s ituation. M any tim e s w h e n doing th is th e various m ach ine s w illnoteve n "s e e " e ach oth e r on th e ne tw ork , de pe nding on factors s uch as w h ich m ach ine h as be e n up and running longe r, is acting as th e m aste r brow s e r, and s o on. I h ave found itto be a be tte r s olution to us e th e configuration s cre e ns in th e route r to e stabl is h a static IP for e ach m ach ine on th e ne tw ork pe rm ane ntl y, and leave D H CP running to catch any oth e r s yste m s w h ich m igh tw alk in th e door and e nd up pl ugge d into th e ne tw ork te m poraril y.
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To ch e ck your IP s e ttings in W indow s XP, ope n th e ControlPane l. If you are in Cate gory View , click th e Ne tw ork and Inte rne tConne ctions cate gory, th e n Ne tw ork Conne ctions icon. If you are in Clas s ic View , click th e Ne tw ork Conne ctions icon. R igh t-cl ick on th e icon for your adapte r and click Prope rtie s . In th e Prope rtie s dialog doubl e -click on Inte rne tProtocol (TCP/IP). In th e Inte rne tProtocol(TCP/IP) Prope rtie s dialog th e de faults e ttings are O b tain an IP ad d re ss autom atical l y, and O b tain DNS se rve r ad d re ss autom atical l y. To as s ign a static IP addre s s to th is m ach ine on th e ne tw ork , you w ould s e l e ctUse th e fol l ow ing IP ad d re ss, and e nte r appropriate value s for IP ad d re ss, Sub ne tm ask and De faul t gatew ay.
Each m ach ine on th e ne tw ork ne e ds a uniq ue IP addre s s , s o be s ure to ch ange th e l as tnum be r (ie . 100, 101, 102 e tc) for s ubs e q ue ntm ach ine s w h e n as s igning addre s s e s . Th e D e faultgate w ay is th e IP addre s s of your route r, us uall y 19 2.168.0.1 or s im ilar. Al s o, note th ats e lecting Use th e fol l ow ing IP ad d re ss autom aticall y s e lects Use th e fol l ow ing DNS se rve r ad d re sse s. Th is m e ans you w illne e d to e nte r a value for Pre fe rre d DNS se rve r and optional l y Al te rnate DNS se rve r. Th e s e can be obtaine d from th e Status page of your route r's configuration s cre e ns , or from your Inte rne ts e rvice provide r. Along w ith th e pos s ible problem s I m e ntione d w ith th is m e th od e arlie r is th e factth atInte rne ts e rvice provide rs ofte n ch ange th e ir D NS s e rve r num be rs , and ge ne rall y do notte llth e ir custom e rs w h e n th ey do s o. Th is w oul d m e an h aving to ch ange e ach m ach ine 's D NS s e rve r num be rs e ach tim e th is occurre d. Failure to do s o w oul d re s ultin th e m ach ine notbe ing able to acce s s th e Inte rne t(unl ess you e nte re d th e actualIP addre s s of th e w e bs ite you w antinto th e addre s s bar in your brow s e r). A be tte r alte rnative to th is approach is to letth e route r its e lf as s ign static IP addre s s e s to e ach m ach ine th atis a pe rm ane nts yste m on your ne tw ork . Th is onl y ne e ds to be done once and avoids th e pitfalls of h aving th e D NS s e rve rs ch ange . H e re is an exam ple of m y route r, a D -Link D I-604.
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Each m ach ine on th e ne tw ork is ide ntifie d to th e route r by its M AC addre s s , a uniq ue string e ncode d in th e Eth e rne tadapte r. So to as s ign a static IP for a m ach ine , you ne e d th e M AC addre s s of its Eth e rne t adapte r and its h ostnam e . In th e D I-604 you can find th is info by view ing th e Log page s on th e Status s cre e n.
H e re w e can s e e th e m ach ine s pclos 9 3 and ste ve xp w ith th e ir corre s ponding IP and M AC addre s s e s . If
your route r doe s nots h ow th is inform ation, you can ge tth e M AC addre s s of your W indow s m ach ine by Click ing Start > Run and typing cmd, th e n atth e com m and prom pttype ipconfig /all. Th e h ost nam e is s h ow n unde r th e W indow s IP Configuration s e ction and th e M AC addre s s is s h ow n as Ph ys ical Addre s s unde r th e Eth e rne tadapte r s e ction. O n PCLinuxO S you can ge tth e M AC addre s s by running K D E ControlCe nte r, expanding th e Inform ation h e ading and s e lecting Ne tw ork Inte rface s . Th e M AC addre s s is s h ow n unde r th e H W addr colum n e ntry of your adapte r, typicall y e th 0. An alte rnative m e th od is to run PCLinuxO S ControlCe nte r and s e lect Ne tw ork ing, th e n Re configure an e xisting ne tw ork inte rface . W h e n th e M anage Conne ctions w indow ope ns , s e lectyour adapte r from th e dropdow n l istand th e n click th e Inform ation tab. Th e h ostnam e can be found by ope ning a te rm inaland typing hostname. If your h ostnam e is localh ostand you w ould pre fe r anoth e r nam e , I re fe r you to th is th re ad on th e PCLinuxO S Forum s , "H ow do I s e tth e m ach ine nam e ?" http://www.pclinuxos.com/forum/index .php?topic=12469.0 Se e Re pl y #12 by Eve nFlow for info on th e ch ange s you ne e d to m ak e .
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Arm e d w ith th is info, you can us e your route r's configuration s cre e ns to as s ign pe rm ane ntaddre s s e s to th e m ach ine s on your ne tw ork . Re fe r to th e docum e ntation for your route r to appl y th is te ch niq ue . I be l ieve m ostnew e r route rs s upportas s igning static IP addre s s e s on th e ne tw ork . I w ork in a cal lce nte r for a l arge ce l lph one com pany th ats e l l s PDAs w ith ph one functional ity. I gota cal lfrom a cus tom e r w h o s aid h e r s tyl us h ad brok e n. I offe re d to trans fe r h e r to cus tom e r care , w h e re th e y coul d orde r h e r outa pack ofs tyl us e s . Sh e s aid no, th e ph one h ad gotte n "m e s s e d up." I as k e d w h atw as w rong w ith it, and s h e s aid th atw h e n th e s tyl us h ad brok e n, s h e 'd trie d to s upe rgl ue itback toge th e r, th e n putitback in th e sl otbe fore th e gl ue h ad drie d, and itgots tuck in th e ph one . So s h e trie d to tak e itoutw ith a h am m e r and ch is e l . I w ork e d ata ph oto l ab in Ne w M e xico. Partofm y job w as outputting digitalfil e s to a fil m re corde r. Eve ryone th e re w as frie ndl y, e xce ptfor one w om an w h o ne ve r s e e m e d to l ik e m e . Afte r a fe w m onth s I as k e d m y bos s aboutit. H e tol d m e th at be fore I gotth e re , th e y h ad trie d to train h e r to do th e digital output. Th e y e ve n paid for h e r to go to a cl as s to l e arn about com pute rs . Sh e w as th e onl y s tude ntin th e cl as s w h o m anage d to ge ta fl oppy s tuck in th e drive ups ide dow n and back w ards . Th e te ach e r h ad to dis as s e m bl e th e m ach ine to ge tth e dis k out. Sh e tol d h im s h e h ad to pound itw ith th e h e e lofh e r h and to ge tth e dis k to go in. Afte r th at, th e ph oto l ab de cide d s h e probabl y w as n'tth e one for th atpos ition. Sh e al w ays re s e nte d th e factth atI h ad 'h e r' job.
A cus tom e r h ad bough ta com pute r from us abouta ye ar ago and a Voodoo 3 card jus tye s te rday. H e took ith om e and trie d to ins tal litbutcoul dn't, s o h e brough tth e m both in th is m orning. H e rante d and rave d, e tc. H e h ad re boxe d th e Voodoo 3, e xpe cting a re pl ace m e nt, s o w e took th e com pute r and th e Voodoo 3 in th e back and tol d h im w e w oul d fititfor fre e . W h e n w e ope ne d th e box for th e Voodoo 3, itw as in a te rribl e s tate . Th e bitofm e talth atattach e s th e card to th e cas e w as tak e n off, and a w e e h e ats ink h ad be e n s crape d off th e ch ip w ith a s cre w drive r. I re gl ue d th e s ink and re attach e d th e back pl ate . So w e ope ne d th e m ach ine , and trie d to fitth e card. Ack . Card is AGP, com pute r h as e xactl y z e ro AGP s l ots . So w e w e ntback to th e front. * M e : "Sir, your com pute r h as no AGP s l ots , and th is is an AGP vide o card." * Cus tom e r: "Ye ah , butth e card fitpe rfe ctl y into th e l ittl e w h ite s l ot." * M e : "W h ich w h ite s l ot?" * Guy: "Th e re 's five ofth e m -- l ittl e w h ite one s . Th e re 's a s pare one ." * M e : "Th e PCI s l ot?Uh h ...its h oul dn't...l e tm e ch e ck ." Sure e nough , ifyou re m ove th e h e ats ink and back pl ate , turn th e card around, and re al l y h am m e r itinto th e onl y fre e PCI sl ot, itw il ljus tfits nugl y ne xtto th e h ard dis k . W e e xpl aine d th atth e AGP card w as com pl e te l y de s troye d and h e h ad voide d th e w arranty on itby h ack ing aw ay atit w ith a s cre w drive r. Th e us ualm ad cus tom e r vs . te ch ie e xch ange e ns ue d, buth e e ve ntual l y back e d dow n and bough tth e PCI ve rs ion ins te ad...and gotus to fitit.
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A Tal e O f Too M an y D is tros by W ayne W h itm an
irstcam e Re d H at. If I re m e m be r corre ctl y, itw as re l e as e 3.1. Itw as arch aic by today's standards , butth atw as back in '9 6 or s o and tim e s h ave ce rtainl y ch ange d. You've com e a long w ay, Pe nguin! Com e to th ink of it, th e re w as n'teve n th e Pe nguin back th e n.
F
M y re as on for l oading Linux on m y firstnote book m ach ine w as to learn Unix. I w as w ork ing on a com pute r proje ctas a databas e cons ul tant. Th e h ost s yste m w as running H PUX and I h ad neve r us e d Unix be fore . To m ak e m atte rs w ors e , th e ne tw ork gurus w oul dn'tl e tan "outs ide " PC conne ctto th e ir ne tw ork . O uch ! I w as stuck w ith an unfam iliar ope rating s yste m
and vi on a VT50 te rm inal.W h at's a new bie to do? Se tting up a dualbooton m y brand new W indow s 9 5 m ach ine look e d lik e a good opportunity to learn a new O S. Re d H atto th e re s cue ! Itw as a gre atlearning expe rie nce : no X w indow s , justth e com m and line and vi. Itm ade a w onde rfuls andbox. I h ave to adm itth e expe rie nce w as painful,butitw as al s o a bitof fun and a good introduction to Linux. In th e ye ars follow ing th atproje ctI w ork e d on m any diffe re ntUnix s yste m s . ButI h ad be e n bitte n by th e Linux bug. Expe rim e nting w ith diffe re ntLinux distributions be cam e an addictive h obby. A few ye ars late r I h ad a us e d IBM Inte llistation purch as e d online
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ata ch e ap price and l oade d up w ith extra dis k s . Ah a! Th e pe rfe ctLinux te stbe d. Th e firstguine a pig w as Re d H at6. Itw as O K , butnot eve ryth ing w ork e d. I w as stills uch a new bie th atI eve n h ad trouble ge tting th e s ound to w ork . Th e n it w as on to M andrak e , D e bian, Xandros , Lins pire , SUSE, Proge ny, Librane t, Ge ntoo (neve r could ge tit installed), Fe dora, D am n Sm allLinux, and Slack w are . I eve n trie d Solaris . By th e n, I w as s uch an addict, th at I h ad 6 distributions running on one m ach ine . M y bigge stproblem w as w h ich one to boote ach day. I h ave to adm it, outof al lof th os e , Slack w are w as m y favorite be caus e of its cl e an file l ayoutand s im pl e approach to th ings . Butallof th e m s e e m e d to h ave one problem or anoth e r, or th e re w as s om e th ing I just could notfigure outh ow to ge tw ork ing. Ente r Ubuntu. I re al l y th ough tth is w as going to be th e one . Itlook e d good. Itfe ltgood. Butm an, did I ge t tire d of s udo. Som e tim e s I justl ik e to log in as root and do s om e m ainte nance . Th e n th e re w as th e bloat and th e w ire les s h as s le. As a true addict, I re ce ntl y putin ye tanoth e r orde r for CD s w ith O ND is c.com . M ore new distro re leas e s to try out! Th e n m y orde r turne d up a few dollars s h ortof fre e s h ipping. W h ate lse to ch oos e ?W h atis th is th ing called PCLinuxO S on th e ir list?O K , th row itin and
ge tfre e s h ipping. Th e CD w ith PCLinuxO S 0.9 3 Big D addy s atin th e pile on m y de s k for w e e k s w h il e I loade d and re loade d new re leas e s of oth e r stuff. I dow nloade d SLED , and itw as inte re sting, butI h ad s om e application install is s ue s th atw e re s h ow -stoppe rs . O utof s h e e r bore dom one afte rnoon, I dug th rough th e pil e of CD s and th e re w as PCLinuxO S. W h y not give ita try?I h ad trie d alm osteve ryth ing e lse . Surpris e d, I dis cove re d eve ryth ing justw ork e d. Eve n th e w ire les s configure d its e l f and cam e up w ork ing. I plugge d in th e USB printe r, and ... w ow , I did noteve n h ave to configure itw ith CUPS. I dow nloade d and installed Fire fox 2 and gvim , th e n adde d th e m to th e m e nu. Boy, itis re all y fun w h e n th ings justw ork righ t. Sim plicity and e as e of configuration are w onde rful th ings . I h ave to adm it, I am nota big "m ore is be tte r" applications fan, s o I re place d Big D addy w ith M iniM e and justadde d w h atI w ante d. W h ata gre at distribution ph ilos oph y: a distro tailore d for eve ryone . Is th is a distribution th atcoul d re place W indow s for m e ?Ye s , exce ptfor one re q uire m e nt. I ne e d th e O racl e deve lopm e nttools for m y proje ctw ork . Unfortunate l y, O racle onl y s upports th e ir tool s on W indow s , Re d H at,
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and SUSE. M y PCLinuxO S now h as Vm w are installed, and s oon I w il linstal lth e dre ade d "W " in a virtualm ach ine justs o I can h ave th os e tools. Butit's a w ork able s ol ution for m e , and itgive s m e a Linux distribution th atw ork s and is a joy to us e . Congratulations to Texstar and th e crew for an outstanding pie ce of w ork . I can notw aitto try out 0.9 4 w ith Gnom e . Sim plicity for m e . D onate if you can, s e nd th ank you e m ail s or vol unte e r if you can't.
I w ork for a m ajor com pute r re tail e r and h e ard a page ove r th e inte rcom for an avail abl e s al e s m an atth e cus tom e r s e rvice de s k . M os tofth e s al e s m e n are a l ittl e appre h e ns ive w h e n th e y h e ar th is , be caus e you ne ve r k now w h atyou are aboutto ge tin th e m iddl e of. As I approach e d th e de s k , I s aw awel l -dre s s e d cow boy and a de s k top tow e r on th e s e rvice de s k . O ne ofth e cus tom e r s e rvice re ps inform e d m e th atth e com pute r h e bough ttoday w as brok e n, and h e ne e de d a re pl ace m e nt. So I agre e d and s tarte d tow ard th e tow e r to tak e itback . Th e ge ntl e m an s toppe d m e and s aid h e jus t re al iz e d h e h ad forgotte n to ge th is CD out. Be fore I coul d s ay anyth ing, h e pul l e d outa pock e tk nife and w e ntfor it. Luck il y, w e goth im to s top be fore h e did any re aldam age , and I s h ow e d h im h ow to h ook itup to a pow e r cord and e je ct itnorm al l y. Ne ve r th ough tI w oul d s e e s om e body try to k nife a com pute r.
A frie nd ofm ine (w h o s h al lre m ain nam e l e s s ) bough ta brand ne w Tos h iba l aptop com pute r l as tye ar s ince h is "ol d" one w as a m ode lfrom th e ye ar be fore . H e w ork e d in th e com pute r s e rvice s office on cam pus h e re atour unive rs ity. H e de cide d one nigh tth atto im pre s s h is co-w ork e rs h e w oul d m ak e h is ne w l aptop m ore de corative . H e bough ta can ofe m e ral d gre e n K ryl on s pray paintand s praye d h is e ntire com pute r (s cre e n, m ous e , k e yboard, cas ing, and al l ) w ith it. H e w as s h ock e d to find th ath is com pute r w oul dn't w ork afte rw ards and de cide d th e paintm us tbe atfaul t. So th e ne xtday h e bough ta can ofGoo Gone and a bottl e of paintth inne r and poure d th e m both on h is com pute r, th e n rins e d itoffin th e s ink . Again, h e w as s h ock e d w h e n h is com pute r w oul dn'tw ork . H e w as e ve n m ore s h ock e d w h e n CircuitCity tol d h im th e y w oul dn'tre fund h is m one y or e xch ange h is com pute r for a ne w one . I once h ad a cus tom e r w h os e cdrom drive w as n'tw ork ing -- I s us pe ctth e re as on w as ol d or m is s ing drive rs , butth e cus tom e r h ad trie d to fix th e probl e m h im s e l f. H e th ough tth e probl e m w as th atth e CD h ad to s ittigh tl y in th e tray, s o s h e took a pape r cl ip, putitth rough th e ce nte r h ol e ofth e CD, and fas te ne d itto th e drive tray. W h e n h e trie d to us e th e drive th atw ay, h e w as gre e te d w ith grinding nois e s caus e d by th e dis inte grating drive m e ch anis m . M y m oth e r w as vis iting one tim e w h e n I w as onl ine . I re m ark e d to h e r th atth e com pute r w as running a l ittl e sl ow today. H e r s ol ution?O ilit. You can im agine h ow I w ince e ve ry tim e I th ink ofit.
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Acq u irin g an d In s tal l in g VM W are by vam pire fo and e dite d by Tim Robins on
M W are Se rve r is an application th atallow s th e us e r to cre ate a com pl e te , s e parate "virtualm ach ine " th atruns w ith in Linux or W indow s (th e h ost), providing a m e th od to instal la com pl e te l y s e parate ope rating s yste m and us e th at ope rating s yste m w ith outexiting th e h ost. For exam ple, one can instal la ve rs ion of W indow s or a diffe re ntLinux distribution for te sting purpos e s or to run an appl ication th atdoe s notrun in one 's existing ope rating s yste m .
V
VM W are Se rve r is fre e – s ortof. To acq uire a copy, one m ustvis itth e ir s ite , fillouta form and provide inform ation. Th e n you w illbe provide d w ith a s e rial
num be r th atis us e d during th e instal lation proce s s . Th is article w illw alk you th rough th e length y, th ough notcom plicate d proce s s , ste p by ste p. First, vis it: http://www.vmware.com/download/server/ and cl ick "Re giste r now to ge tyour fre e s e rial num be r." Provide w h ateve r inform ation you fe e lis appropriate , be ing s ure to com pl e te allre q uire d fie l ds . O nce you are give n th e s e rialnum be r, be ce rtain you w rite dow n th e 20-digitre s ul t. You w illne e d itlate r, during th e install.
29
W h e n you arrive atth e dow nl oad page , s e lect Binary (.tar.gz), m d5s um : 9 846bff6c3c8af9 7d4e 3ae 2700f8dd3a. D o NO T s e lect th e .rpm ve rs ion. D ow nloading w illtak e a w h ile, eve n w ith broadband, as th is is a 100.6 M B file. Click th e D ow nl oad tab.
Pre s s e nte r.
Save to a location of your ch oice . W h e n th e dow nload com pl e te s , ope n your favorite file m anage r and navigate to th e location w h e re you s ave d th e file. R igh tcl ick on th e file and extractit. Now ope n th e new l y-cre ate d fol de r "vm w are -s e rve r-distrib."
Pre s s e nte r.
O pe n a te rm inalin th atfolde r. Th e bul k of w h at follow s w il lbe done w ith in th e te rm inal.Type su , th e n e nte r your rootpas s w ord s o th e installcan be run. Type "./vmware-install.pl" w ith outth e q uote s to startth e proce s s .
Pre s s e nte r.
Be low is th e cons ol e output, and inte rs pe rs e d w ith th at is w h atyou s h ould do, e .g., "click e nte r" or "type ye s ", and s o forth . If you foll ow th e instructions exactl y you w illh ave no problem s . Creating a new installer database using the tar3 format. Installing the content of the package. In which directory do you want to install the binary files? [/usr/bin]
What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)? [/etc/rc.d]
What is the directory that contains the init scripts? [/etc/rc.d/init.d]
In which directory do you want to install the daemon files? [/usr/sbin]
Pre s s e nte r. In which directory do you want to install the library files? [/usr/lib/vmware]
Pre s s e nte r. The path "/usr/lib/vmware" does not exist currently. This program is going to create it, including needed
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parent directories. Is this what you want? [yes]
Type "ye s ", th e n pre s s e nte r. In which directory do you want to install the manual files? [/usr/share/man]
Pre s s e nte r. In which directory do you want to install the documentation files? [/usr/share/doc/vmware]
Pre s s e nte r. The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware" does not exist currently. This program is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want? [yes]
Type "ye s ", th e n pre s s e nte r. Before running VMware Server for the first time, you need to configure it by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl". Do you want this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]
Type "ye s ", th e n pre s s e nte r. You must read and accept the End User License Agreement to continue. Press enter to display it.
Pre s s and h old e nte r untilitre ach e s 100% Do you accept? (yes/no)
Type "ye s ", th e n pre s s e nte r. In which directory do you want to install the mime type icons? [/usr/share/icons]
Pre s s e nte r. What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a .desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
Pre s s e nte r. In which directory do you want to
31
install the application's icon? [/usr/share/pixmaps]
(yes/no) [yes]
Pre s s e nte r. Pre s s e nte r. None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Server is suitable for your running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes]
Type "ye s ", th e n Pre s s e nte r. What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running kernel? [/lib/modules/2.6.16.27.tex1.lve/build /include]
Pre s s e nte r. Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Pre s s e nte r. Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines?
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Pre s s e nte r. Do you wish to configure another NAT network? (yes/no) [no]
Pre s s e nte r. Do you want to be able to use hostonly networking in your virtual machines? [yes]
Pre s s e nte r. Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Pre s s e nte r. Do you wish to configure another hostonly network? (yes/no) [no]
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Pre s s e nte r. Please specify a port for remote console connections to use [902]
Pre s s e nte r. Stopping xinetd: [FAILED] Starting xinetd: [ OK ] Configuring the VMware VmPerl Scripting API. Could not find necessary components to build the VMware VmPerl Scripting API. Look in your Linux distribution to see if there is a perl-devel package. Install that package if it exists and then re-run this installation program. ******** The VMware VmPerl Scripting API was not installed. Errors encountered during compilation and installation of the module can be found here: /root/tmp/vmware-config0 You will not be able to use the "vmware-cmd" program. Errors can be found in the log file: '/root/tmp/vmware-config0/control-
only/make.log' ******** Hit enter to continue.
Pre s s e nte r. In which directory do you want to keep your virtual machine files? [/var/lib/vmware/Virtual Machines]
A w ord of w arning is in orde r h e re . If you h ave al lof your Linux installation re s iding in one partition, th e de faul tabove w illw ork fine . If, on th e oth e r h and, you h ave /home on a s e parate partition and your root(/) partition is s m all,you s h oul d s pe cify a diffe re nt location for th e location of your virtualm ach ine fil es. Th e s e files w illbe q uite large (pe rh aps m ore th an 10Gb), s o be s ure you s pe cify a l ocation w ith ade q uate s pace . D on'tw orry w h e th e r th e location exists or not. If itdoe s n't, th e instal lation program w illcre ate it. Pre s s e nte r. The path "/var/lib/vmware/Virtual Machines" does not exist currently. This program is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want? [yes]
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Pre s s e nte r.
Ch e ck "localhost". Cl ick "Connect".
Please enter your 20-character serial number.
Type XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX (th e s e rial num be r you re corde d e arlie r). Pre s s e nte r. Starting VMware services: Virtual machine monitor [ OK Virtual ethernet [ OK Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 [ OK Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet1 (background) [ OK Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet8 (background) [ OK NAT service on /dev/vmnet8 [ OK
] ] ] ] ] ]
The configuration of VMware Server 1.0.1 build-29996 for Linux for this running kernel completed successfully. [root@localhost vmware-serverdistrib]#
Type "exit" w ith outth e q uote s and pre s s e nte r. Type "vmware" w ith outth e q uote s . VM W are ope ns .
Click "create a new virtual machine." Click Next. Click Next. Ch oos e th e O S you w is h to install.Click Next. Ch oos e NAT. Click Next. Ch oos e th e s ize of th e virtualh ard drive you w is h to cre ate . Be s ure to m ak e itlarge e nough . Cl ick Finish. Click "Edit virtual machine settings." AdjustR AM , add/re m ove drive s , and s o forth . Putth e CD for th e O S you w is h to installin your new virtualm ach ine in th e CD RO M or DVD drive , click "Pow e r on th is virtualm ach ine ," bootand install.H e re is a s cre e ns h otof PCLinuxO S .9 3a Big D ad dy running ins ide VM W are , ins ide PCLinuxO S .9 3a Big D addy.
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W h il e I w as atcol l e ge (back in th e days ofArch im e de s com pute rs ), I ofte n h e l pe d to te ach ne w us e rs th e rope s w h il e th e te ach e r conce ntrate d e l s e w h e re . Th is one s w e e t girlw as ve ry ne w , and I didn'tm ind th ats h e h ad no conce pt ofth e m ous e , th e s cre e n, and w h atnot-- s h e s oon gotgood e nough th atI coul dl e ave h e r to do s om e tas k and h e l p s om e one e l s e . Pre tty s oon, h ow e ve r, s h e w as tugging on m y ch air, and w h e n I w e ntto s e e w h atw as going on, s h e s aid, "M y brace l e tis s tuck in th e re ." Eh ? Itw as w e dge d into th e fl oppy dis k s l ot. W h y?Appare ntl y, th e brace l e tw as annoying h e r w h e n s h e type d, s o s h e took itoff. Sh e found a s m al ls l oton th e com pute r w ith a h appy l ittl e door on itand jus tw e ntah e ad and s h ove d itin. Te ch s upport h ad to re s cue itby tak ing th e th ing apart. W h e n m y s is te r and I w e re both l iving in th e dorm s at col l e ge , s h e w oul d fre q ue ntl y com e to m e for te ch s upport.
Th e virtualm ach ine w il lfunction alm ostexactl y lik e a re alm ach ine w ould, exce ptitw illbe running e ntire l y w ith in your "re al " O S. Enjoy!
* H e r: "H e y, can you l ook atm y l aptop?It's h aving a probl e m ." * M e : "Ye ah , w h at's th e probl e m ?" * H e r: "Eve ry tim e I try to type a l e tte r, th re e s h ow up, and none ofth e m are th e l e tte r I h it."
O ne ofour cus tom e rs bough ta s canne r w ith a SCSI card. Itw as n't conne cting, s o s h e brough titin. Itturne d outs h e h ad prie d offone ofth e bl ank pl ate s cove ring an e m pty ISA s l ot, th e n s h ove d th e card th rough th e h ol e and turne d on th e s ys te m .
I w e ntto ch e ck itout. Sure e nough , th e probl e m occurre d e xactl y as s h e s tate d it. As I w as trying to th ink w h atth e caus e m igh tbe , I l ook e d dow n and notice d a noodl e unde r th e e nte r k e y.
M y m om h ad s om e probl e m s w ith h e r s ys te m and figure d s h e 'd ge t a ne w m ode m . Afte r s h e ins tal l e d it, th e re w e re m ore probl ems th an be fore . Itturne d outth e m ode m w as an ISA m ode m , and s h e s om e h ow m anage d to putitinto a PCI s l ot. H ow , I h ave no ide a.
* M e : "Th e re 's a noodl e in h e re . H ow did th atge tth e re ?" * H e r: "O h , I s pil l e d s oup on m y k e yboard. Doe s th atm ak e a diffe re nce ?"
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H ow To Spl it (an d R e join ) A Fil e by auth or
Found on m ain PCl inuxO S forum at: h ttp://w w w .pcl inuxos .com /forum /inde x.ph p?topic=14013. m s g111147#m s g111147
om e tim e s you m ay w is h to s plita fil e, th e re by m ak ing ite as ie r to e m ailor fiton storage device s . H e re is a q uick re fre s h e r cours e on s pl itting and joining.
S
S pl itting O pe n a k ons ole. (In K D E, th is invol ve s e ith e r cl ick ing on th e icon of th e “Kons ole Te rm inalProgram ” on th e
K D E m e nu bar, or u s ing Main Menu > Terminals > Terminal Program.) CD ( ch ange dire ctory ) to th e dire ctory w h e re th e file to be s plitis locate d. For instance , cd /home/ferdi/mymp3s
To s pl ita s am ple file (filenam e .m p3) into 2M b parts w ith a s uffix cons isting of 2 num be rs do: split -a 2 -b 2m -d filename.mp3 parts
Th e option '-a 2' te lls 's plit' to us e a s uffix length of 2.
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Th e option '-b 2m ' te l l s 's plit' to m ak e parts of 2M b s ize Th e option '-d' te ll s 's pl it' to us e num be rs for th e s uffix inste ad of th e de faultch aracte rs . 'parts ' is th e firsth al f of th e nam e of th e s m al ler files : parts 00 parts 01 parts 02... If th e new s m aller fil e s don'ts h ow up im m e diate l y in Konq ue ror, h itF5 to force a s cre e n re fre s h .
Joining To join th e s m al ler parts us e th e foll ow ing: cat parts* > filename.mp3
Th e * (w il dcard) te l ls 'cat' to us e al lfiles in th e curre nt dire ctory th atstartw ith 'parts '.
Ius e d to w ork te ch nicals upportand accounts e rvice s for a ce l l ul ar ph one com pany. One day an individualw ork ing for a cons truction com pany cal l e d and as k e d w h y w e dis conne cte d h is s e rvice . Iinform e d h im th ath is s e rvice w as fine and th ath is accountw as curre nt, atw h ich tim e Iw as inform e d th atw e h ad to h ave s h utoffh is accountbe caus e h e coul dn'tpow e r h is ph one on. Ibe gan as k ing th e us ualq ue s tions , be ginning w ith th e m ode lph one h e w as us ing. Th is ofte n is a h uge k e y to figuring outw h atth e probl e m is , and itjus ts o h appe ne d th ath e h ad th e m os tprobl e m atic ph one w e h ad re l e as e d due to its e m e rge ncy ye l l ow and bl ack col ors , l ook ing vague l y l ik e one ofth os e w ate r re s is tantportabl e cas s e tte pl aye rs . W e trie d pl ugging itin, s w itch ing th e batte ry, butits til lw oul dn'tturn on. I as k e d h im ifith ad be e n droppe d or dam age d be fore its toppe d w ork ing. Th e ans w e r w as no. Ias k e d h im ifith ad be e n e xpos e d to w ate r, and th e ans w e r w as , "W h at doe s th atm atte r?Ih ave your w ate rproofm ode l !" Iw as s ure Ih ad s truck th e h e artofth e is s ue . Itturne d outth ath e w as s h ow ing itoffto h is w ork buddie s by th row ing th e "w ate rproof" ph one into a buck e tofw ate r w h il e h e w as jok ing around on th e ph one w ith th e fore m an. Iinform e d h im th atth e ph one w as notactual l y w ate rproof, and th ath e w oul d h ave to purch as e a ne w ph one due to th e factth atour ins urance pol icy did notcove r dam age from inte ntionalm is us e . H e e xpl aine d th ath e h e ard a rum or th atifyou dry th e ph one outand re pl ace th e batte ry, th e y w il ls om e tim e s continue w ork ing. Th is is s om e tim e s true , s o Ias k e d h im ifth e ph one h ad be e n th orough l y drie d. Th e ans w e r w as ye s -- h e h ad putth e ph one into h is cl oth e s drye r w ith a l oad ofl aundry, w h ich w e th e n confirm e d as th e re as on th e face pl ate h ad brok e n off. H e w ante d an ins urance re pl ace m e ntfor h is face pl ate , and Iagain inform e d h im th atour ins urance pol icy did notcove r dam age from inte ntionalm is us e .
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U s in g Fis h by D aive r Pe de m onte
e re 's a q uick and e as y m e th od for s e tting up a ne tw ork and acce s s ing re m ote files . Pleas e note : th is w ork s onl y if SSH is prope rl y e nabl e d in both com pute rs .
H
Th e FIS H protocol I w as h aving a lotof trouble s e tting up a ne tw ork us ing NFS. SM B w as outof th e q ue stion. AllI w ante d to do w as acce s s anoth e r com pute r in m y LAN w h ich h olds allth e m e dia files and acts lik e a storage room for docum e nts , picture s , e tc. w ith outh aving to us e NFS. Th is is justone of th e m any w ays th atyou can
s h are files am ong com pute rs in K D E. FISH w illnotallow you to stre am audio or vide o via LAN, butitis probabl y th e e as ie stw ay to acce s s your files on anoth e r com pute r. Us ing FISH , you w illbe able to copy files locall y and store files re m ote l y, as s um ing th e righ tpe rm is s ions are s e t. Tak e FISH for a te std rive : 1)O pe n Konq ue ror. 2)In th e addre s s bar, type fish://IP_ADDRESS_OF_REMOTE_COMPUTER
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(In m y cas e , th e IP addre s s w as 19 2.168.10.2.) 3)Ente r th e us e r and pas s w ord of th e re m ote com pute r. (D o notus e root.) Th is w ills e nd you to th e h om e dire ctory of th e re m ote com pute r's us e r th atyou type d in. H ow eve r, itis pos s ibl e to view m ounte d drive s in itand, if th e pe rm is s ions are s e tcorre ctl y, you w illalso be able to w rite to th e drive s . To view th e m ounte d drive s , e ditth e UR Lto go to th e rootfiles yste m (/) and th e n navigate to /m nt. Your drive s and partitions are th e re . Th e e as ie stw ay to s e tup a q uick acce s s is to cre ate a s h ortcuton th e K D E de s k top: 1) R igh tclick on th e de s k top and s e l e ctCreate new > Link to location. 2) Puta nam e to th e path to be acce s s e d on th e re m ote com pute r. If you are going to m ak e th e s h ortcutto acce s s an M P3 dire ctory, th e n s om e th ing lik e M P3 w illw ork or us e D ocs for docum e nts , e tc. 3) Ente r th e UR Lto th e path to be acce s s e d w h e n you click th e s h ortcut. In m y cas e itw as fis h ://us e r_ nam e @ 19 2.168.10.2/m nt/s db1/M p3
(Re place us e r_ nam e w ith th e us e rnam e on th e com pute r you w antto acce s s .) Now , any tim e I w antto acce s s m y re m ote storage , I can justclick th ats h ortcutand itw illtak e m e th e re . For s e curity re as ons , I ne ve r s ave th e pas s w ord, s o I justtype itin eve ry tim e . Be stof all,itw ork s us ing SSH , s o eve ryth ing th at goe s th rough FISH is e ncrypte d and s e cure . H appy fis h ing!
I w as on a te ch s upportcal lye s te rday, and one ofour s tore s h ad a cras h e d s e rve r w ith a bad m oth e rboard. Th e y did not w antto trans fe r th e h ard drive s ove r to th e ne w s e rve r w e w e re going to s e nd th e m , s o I s aid, ok , m ailth e h ard drive s to m e , and w e w oul d putth e m in th e ne w s e rve r. So I gotth e pack age th is m orning, and to m y s urpris e I found...th e circuitboards from th e h ard drive s . Th e y took th e boards offth e h ard drive s and s e ntth e m to m e . Grinning, I cal l e d th e s tore and as k e d th e m to s e nd m e "th e re s t" ofth e h ard drive s . I h ave ne ve r e ve r e ve r h e ard ofth is h appe ning. Now h ow th e h e ck am I going to find outw h ich h ard drive goe s w ith w h ich circuitboard, and w il lth e re be any w ay to ge tth e m w ork ing again?
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D IS CLAIM ER 1. Al lth e conte nts ofPCLinuxO S M agaz ine (h ttp://m ag.M yPCLinuxO S.com ), are inte nde d for ge ne ralinform ation and/or us e onl y. Such conte nts do notcons titute advice and s h oul d notbe re l ie d upon in m ak ing (or re fraining from m ak ing) any de cis ion. Any s pe cific advice or re pl ie s to q ue rie s in any partofth e m agaz ine is /are th e pe rs onalopinion(s ) ofs uch e xpe rts /cons ul tants /pe rs ons and are nots ubs cribe d to by PCLinuxO S M agaz ine . 2. Th e inform ation in PCLinuxO S M agaz ine (h ttp://m ag.M yPCLinuxO S.com ), is provide d on an "AS IS" bas is , and al l w arrantie s e xpre s s e d or im pl ie d, ofany k ind, re garding any m atte r pe rtaining to any inform ation, advice or re pl ie s , are dis cl aim e d and e xcl ude d. 3. PCLinuxO S M agaz ine (h ttp://m ag.M yPCLinuxO S.com ), and its as s ociate s s h al lnotbe l iabl e , atany tim e for dam age s (incl uding, w ith outl im itation, dam age s for l os s ofany k ind) aris ing in contract, tort, or oth e rw is e from th e us e of, or inabil ity to us e , th e m agaz ine or any ofits conte nts , or from any action tak e n (or re fraine d from be ing tak e n) as a re s ul tofus ing th e m agaz ine or any s uch conte nts or for fail ure ofpe rform ance , e rror, om is s ion, inte rruption, de l e tion, de fe ct, de l ay in ope ration or trans m is s ion, com pute r virus , com m unications l ine fail ure , th e ftor de s truction or unauth oriz e d acce s s to, al te ration of, or us e of, inform ation containe d in th e m agaz ine . 4. No re pre s e ntation, w arrantie s , or guarante e s w h ats oe ve r are m ade as to th e accuracy, ade q uacy, re l iabil ity, com pl e te ne s s , s uitabil ity, or appl icabil ity ofth e inform ation to a particul ar s ituation. 5. Ce rtain l ink s on th e m agaz ine l e ad to re s ource s l ocate d on oth e r s e rve rs m aintaine d by th ird partie s ove r w h om PCLinuxO S M agaz ine (h ttp://m ag.M yPCLinuxO S.com ) h as no controlor conne ction, bus ine s s or oth e rw is e . Th e s e s ite s are e xte rnalto PCLinuxO S M agaz ine (h ttp://m ag.M yPCLinuxO S.com ) and by vis iting th e s e , you are doing s o ofyour ow n accord and as s um e al lre s pons ibil ity for s uch action.
M ate rialSu b m itte d b y U s e rs
A m ajority ofs e ctions in th e m agaz ine contain m ate rial s s ubm itte d by us e rs . PCLinuxO S M agaz ine (h ttp://m ag.M yPCLinuxO S.com ) acce pts no re s pons ibil ity for th e conte nt, accuracy, and conform ity to appl icabl e l aw s ofs uch m ate rial .
Entire Agre e m e nt
Th e s e ite m s cons titute th e e ntire agre e m e ntbe tw e e n th e partie s w ith re s pe ctto th e s ubje ctm atte r h e re of, and s upe rs e de s and re pl ace s al lprior or conte m porane ous unde rs tandings or agre e m e nts , w ritte n or oral , re garding s uch s ubje ctm atte r.
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